Sepheo sa phuputso ena ke ho fana ka lintlha mabapi lesebolaya-likokoana-hlokoho hanyetsa bakeng sa ho etsa liqeto mabapi le mananeo a taolo ea khanyetso Togo.
Boemo ba ho hlaseleha habonolo ha Anopheles gambiae (SL) ho dibolaya-dikokwanyana tse sebediswang bophelong ba setjhaba bo ile ba lekolwa ho sebediswa protocol ya WHO in vitro test. Diteko tsa bioassay bakeng sa ho hanyetsa pyrethroid di entswe ho ya ka diprotocol tsa CDC botlolo ya teko. Mesebetsi ya enzyme e tlosang chefo e ile ya lekolwa ho sebediswa synergists piperonyl butoxide, SSS-phosphorothioate, le ethacrine. Ho hlwaya le ho etsa genotyping e ikgethang ya mofuta wa kdr phetohong ya Anopheles gambiae SL ho sebediswa theknoloji ya PCR.
Baahi ba moo ba Anopheles gambiae sl ba bontšitse ho sekamela ho feletseng ho pirimiphos-methyl ho Lomé, Kowie, Aniye le Kpeletutu. Ho shoa e ne e le 90% ho Bayda, e leng se bontšang ho hanyetsa ho ka bang teng ho pirimiphos-methyl. Ho hanyetsa DDT, benzodicarb le propoxur ho tlalehiloe libakeng tsohle. Maemo a phahameng a ho hanyetsa pyrethroids a tlalehiloe, 'me li-oxidase, li-esterase le glutathione-s-transferases e le li-enzyme tse ntšang chefo tse ikarabellang bakeng sa ho hanyetsa, ho latela liteko tsa synergistic. Mefuta e meholo e fumanoeng e ne e le Anopheles gambiae (ss) le Anopheles cruzi. Maqhubu a phahameng a kdr L1014F le maqhubu a tlase a li-allele tsa kdr L1014S a fumanoe libakeng tsohle.
Phuputso ena e bonts'a tlhoko ea lisebelisoa tse ling ho matlafatsa mekhoa e teng ea taolo ea malaria e thehiloeng ho chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana (IRS le LLIN).
Tšebeliso ea meriana e bolaeang likokoanyana ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea mananeo a taolo ea likokoana-hloko tsa malaria Afrika [1]. Leha ho le joalo, ho hlaha ha khanyetso ho lihlopha tse kholo tsa meriana e bolaeang likokoanyana e sebelisoang kalafong ea letlooa la bethe le ho fafatsa ka tlung (IRS) ho hloka hore re nahane hape ka tšebeliso ea lihlahisoa tsena le tsamaiso ea khanyetso ea likokoana-hloko [2]. Ho hlaha ha khanyetso ea lithethefatsi ho tlalehiloe linaheng tse fapaneng tsa Afrika Bophirimela ho kenyeletsoa Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali [3, 4, 5] haholo-holo Togo [6, 7]. Lithuto tsa morao tjena li bontšitse hore tšebeliso ea li-synergists le motsoako oa meriana e bolaeang likokoanyana e eketsa ho pepesehela likokoana-hloko tsa malaria libakeng tse nang le khanyetso e phahameng ho pyrethroids [8, 9]. Ho boloka botsitso ba maano a taolo, ho kopanngoa ka mokhoa o hlophisitsoeng ha tsamaiso ea khanyetso leanong lefe kapa lefe la taolo ea likokoana-hloko ho lokela ho nahanoa [2]. Naha efe kapa efe e lokela ho tšehetsa ho kenngoa tšebetsong ha mananeo a taolo ea khanyetso ka ho lemoha khanyetso [10]. Ho ya ka dikgothaletso tsa Mokgatlo wa Lefatshe wa Bophelo (WHO) [10], taolo ya kganyetso e kenyeletsa ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha mokgwa wa mehato e meraro ho kenyeletswa (1) tlhahlobo ya boemo ba ho tshwarwa ke dikokonyana tse bolayang dikokwana-hloko, (2) tlhaloso ya matla a kganyetso, le (3) tlhahlobo ya mekgwa ya mmele, ka ho ela hloko haholo katleho ya piperonyl butoxide (PBO) ya synergist. Togo, mohato wa pele, tlhahlobo ya boemo ba ho tshwarwa ke dikokonyana tse bolayang dikokwana-hloko tse bolayang malaria, e etswa dilemo tse ding le tse ding tse 2-3 dibakeng tsa sentinel tsa Lenaneo la Naha la Taolo ya Malaria (NMCP). Matla a kganyetso le katleho ya mehato e mmedi ya ho qetela (ke hore, di-potentiators piperonyl butoxide (PBO), S,S,S-tributyl trisulfate phosphate (DEF), le ethacrynic acid (EA)) ha di so ithutwe ka botlalo.
Sepheo sa phuputso ena ke ho sebetsana le lintlha tsena tse tharo le ho fa NMCP lintlha tse tšepahalang ho etsa liqeto mabapi le taolo ea khanyetso Togo.
Phuputso ena e entsoe ho tloha ka Phuptjane ho isa Loetse 2021 libakeng tse khethiloeng tsa balebeli ba NMCP literekeng tse tharo tsa bophelo bo botle ka boroa ho Togo (Setšoantšo sa 1). Libaka tse hlano tsa tlhokomelo ea NMCP li khethiloe bakeng sa tlhokomelo ho latela libaka tsa tsona (libaka tse fapaneng tsa bohloeki) le litšobotsi tsa tikoloho (bongata ba li-vector, libaka tsa ho ikatisa tsa liboko tse sa feleng): Lomé, Bayda, Kowie, Anyère le Kpeletoutou (Tafole ea 1).
Phuputso ena e bonts'a hore bongata ba menoang ea Anopheles gambiae sebakeng sa Togo bo hanela likokoanyana tse 'maloa tse kholo tsa bophelo bo botle ba sechaba, ntle le pirimiphos-methyl. Maemo a phahameng a khanyetso ea pyrethroid a bonoe sebakeng sa thuto, mohlomong a amahanngoa le lienzyme tse hloekisang (li-oxidase, li-esterase le glutathione-s-transferases). Phetoho ea kdr L1014F e fumanoe mefuteng e 'meli ea bo-'mè Anopheles gambiae ss le Anopheles kruzi tse nang le maqhubu a allele a feto-fetohang empa a le holimo (>0.50), athe phetoho ea kdr L1014S e etsahetse ka makhetlo a tlase haholo 'me e fumanoe feela menoaneng ea Anopheles cruzi. Li-synergists PBO le EA li ile tsa tsosolosa ho ba kotsing ea pyrethroids le organochlorines, ka ho latellana, libakeng tsohle, ha DEF e ekelitse ho ba kotsing ea carbamate le organophosphates libakeng tsohle ntle le Anye. Lintlha tsena li ka thusa Lenaneo la Naha la Taolo ea Malaria la Togolese ho nts'etsapele maano a taolo ea vector a sebetsang haholoanyane.
Nako ea poso: Tshitwe-23-2024