Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka ho potlaka ha ho aha litoropo le lebelo la phetisetso ea mobu, basebetsi ba mahaeng ba 'nile ba bokellana metseng e meholo, 'me khaello ea basebetsi e se e ntse e hlahella haholo, e leng se fellang ka litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa basebetsi; 'me karolo ea basali ba sebetsang e eketsehile selemo le selemo, 'me Meriana ea setso e boima ea basebetsi e tobane le liphephetso. Haholo-holo ka ts'ebetsong e tsoelang pele ea phokotso ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana le ntlafatso ea bokhoni, e ka ntlafatsa sekhahla sa ts'ebeliso ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, ea fokotsa mosebetsi, 'me ea tlisa monyetla o motle bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea mekhoa e bolokang basebetsi ka mekhoa e bobebe ea ts'ebeliso. Litokisetso tse sebetsang tsa ho boloka basebetsi le ho boloka basebetsi tse kang marotholi a sprinkler, granules tse phaphametseng, oli e hasanyang filimi, granules tsa U, le microcapsules li fetohile libaka tse chesang tsa lipatlisiso tsa likhoebo tsa indasteri lilemong tsa morao tjena, li tlisa monyetla o motle oa nts'etsopele. Nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea tsona li hapile 'maraka o moholo ka tatellano masimong a raddy, ho kenyeletsoa lijalo tse ling tsa chelete, 'me menyetla e pharaletse haholo.
Nts'etsopele ea litokisetso tsa ho boloka basebetsi e ntse e ntlafala
Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, theknoloji ea tlhahiso ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana naheng ea heso e fihletse nts'etsopele e potlakileng, 'me mokhoa oa nts'etsopele o lebisang ho beng mosa tikolohong o se o totobetse haholoanyane; ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso, ho tsepamisa maikutlo polokehong e tala, le ho fokotsa tekanyo le ho eketsa bokhoni ke eona feela tsela ea nts'etsopele.
Metswako e bolokang basebetsi ke boqapi ba metswako e latelang mokhoa ona. Ka ho khetheha, dipatlisiso tse bolokang basebetsi mabapi le metswako ya dibolaya dikokwana-hloko di bolela hore basebetsi ba ka boloka dihora tsa batho le mosebetsi mesebetsing ya tshebediso ya dibolaya dikokwana-hloko ka mekgwa le mehato e fapaneng, ke hore, ho ithuta mokhoa wa ho sebedisa mekgwa e bolokang basebetsi haholo le e bolokang basebetsi ho sebedisa metsoako e sebetsang ya dibolaya dikokwana-hloko ka potlako le ka nepo. Sebedisa sebakeng seo dijalo di se reretseng.
Machabeng, Japane ke naha e ntseng e hola ka potlako theknolojing ea ho boloka basebetsi ba chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, e lateloa ke Korea Boroa. Ntshetsopele ea mekhoa ea ho boloka basebetsi e fetile lits'ebetsong tse tharo tsa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ho tloha ho li-granule ho ea ho li-granule tse kholo, mekhoa ea ho ntša metsi, mekhoa e phallang, ebe ho ea ho metsoako ea oli e hasang filimi, li-granule tse phaphametseng le li-granule tsa U.
Lilemong tse leshome tse fetileng, mekhoa ea ho boloka basebetsi e bolokang chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana le eona e ntlafetse ka potlako naheng ea heso, 'me nts'etsopele le theknoloji ea mekhoa e amanang le eona e boetse e khothalelitsoe le ho sebelisoa lijalong tse emeloang ke masimo a raddy. Hona joale, mekhoa ea ho boloka basebetsi ea meriana e bolaeang chefo e kenyelletsa oli e hasang filimi, li-granules tse phaphametseng, li-granules tsa U, li-microcapsules, li-agent tse hasanyang holim'a metsi, li-agent tse ntšang matlapa (matlapa), li-granules tse kholo, li-granules tse nang le mahloriso a mangata, li-agent tsa mosi, li-agent tsa bait, jj. mofuta.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, palo ea litokisetso tse bolokang basebetsi tse ngolisitsoeng naheng ea heso e eketsehile selemo le selemo. Ho tloha ka la 26 Mphalane, 2021, China Pesticide Information Network e bontša hore ho na le lihlahisoa tse 24 tse ngolisitsoeng tsa li-granule tse kholo naheng ea heso, lihlahisoa tse 10 tsa oli e hasang filimi, sehlahisoa se le seng se ngolisitsoeng sa moemeli oa metsi o hasang holim'a metsi, metsoako e 146 ea mosi, metsoako e 262 ea li-bait, le matlapa a effervescent. Litekanyo tse 17 le litokisetso tse 303 tsa microcapsule.
Mingde Lida, Zhongbao Lunong, Xin'an Chemical, Shaanxi Thompson, Shandong Kesaiji Nong, Chengdu Xinchaoyang, Shaanxi Xiannong, Jiangxi Zhongxun, Shandong Xianda, Hunan Dafang, Anhui Huaxing Chemical, jj. kaofela di pina ena. 'Moetapele.
Litokisetso tse sebelisoang haholo tse bolokang basebetsi masimong a raddy
Ho bolela hore litokisetso tse bolokang basebetsi li sebelisoa haholo, 'me tsamaiso ea tekheniki e se e hōlile, e ntse e le tšimo ea raddy.
Masimo a paddy ke lijalo tse nang le ts'ebeliso e tsebahalang haholo ea litokisetso tse bolokang basebetsi lapeng le kantle ho naha. Kamora nts'etsopele lilemong tsa morao tjena, mefuta ea litekanyetso tsa litokisetso tse bolokang basebetsi tse sebelisoang masimong a paddy naheng ea heso ke oli e hasang filimi, li-granule tse phaphametseng le li-granule tse hasantsoeng holim'a metsi (li-granule tsa U). Har'a tsona, oli e hasang filimi ke eona e sebelisoang haholo.
Oli e hasanyang filimi ke mofuta oa tekanyo oo chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ea pele e qhibilihang ka ho toba ka har'a oli. Haholo-holo, ke oli e entsoeng ka ho eketsa sesebelisoa se khethehileng sa ho hasanya le ho hasanya oling e tloaelehileng. Ha e sebelisoa, e lahleloa ka ho toba tšimong ea raese ho hasana, 'me ka mor'a ho hasana, e hasana holim'a metsi ka boeona ho etsa hore e sebetse. Hona joale, lihlahisoa tsa malapeng tse kang oli ea thifur·azoxystrobin e hasanyang filimi, oli ea 8% ea thiazide e hasanyang filimi, oli ea 1% ea spirulina ethanolamine e hasanyang filimi ea letsoai, jj., li sebelisoa ka ho rotha, e leng se bonolo haholo. Sebopeho sa oli e otlollang filimi se kenyelletsa metsoako e sebetsang, li-surfactant le li-solvent tsa oli, 'me matšoao a eona a taolo ea boleng a kenyelletsa litaba tsa metsoako e sebetsang, mefuta ea pH, khatello ea bokaholimo, khatello ea equilibrium interfacial, mongobo, lebelo la ho hasana, sebaka sa ho hasana, botsitso bo tlase ba mocheso, polokelo ea mocheso. botsitso.
Li-granule tse phaphametseng ke mofuta o mocha oa motsoako oa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana o phaphametseng ka ho toba holim'a metsi ka mor'a hore o kenngoe ka metsing, o namela kapele holim'a metsi 'ohle, ebe oa qhibiliha 'me oa hasana ka metsing. Likarolo tsa eona li kenyelletsa haholo-holo metsoako e sebetsang ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, li-filler tse phaphametseng, li-binder, li-dispersant tse qhalanang, jj. Sebopeho sa li-granule tse phaphamalang se kenyelletsa metsoako e sebetsang, carrier e phaphamalang, le dispersant e qhalanang, 'me matšoao a eona a taolo ea boleng a kenyelletsa ponahalo, nako ea ho qhibiliha, sekhahla sa ho phaphamala, sebaka sa ho hasana, sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha le ho qhibiliha.
Li-granule tsa U li entsoe ka metsoako e sebetsang, bajari, li-binder le li-diffusing agents. Ha li sebelisoa masimong a raese, li-granule li lula fatše ka nakoana, ebe li-granule lia phaphamala hape hore li phaphamale. Qetellong, motsoako o sebetsang oa qhibiliha 'me oa hasana ka mahlakoreng 'ohle holim'a metsi. Ntlafatso ea pele e bile ho lokisoa ha cypermethrin bakeng sa taolo ea li-weevil tsa metsi a raese. Sebopeho sa li-granule tsa U se kenyelletsa metsoako e sebetsang, li-carrier, li-binder, le li-diffusing agents, 'me matšoao a eona a taolo ea boleng a kenyelletsa ponahalo, nako ea ho qala ho phaphamala, nako ea ho qeta ho phaphamala, sebaka sa ho hasana, sekhahla sa ho qhalana le ho qhalana.
Ho ea ka litsebi tsa indasteri, Japane le Korea Boroa li khothalelitse tšebeliso ea li-granule tsa U le li-granule tse phaphametseng ka tekanyo e kholo, empa ho na le lithuto tse fokolang tsa lehae, 'me ha ho lihlahisoa tse amanang le tsona tse seng li kentsoe' marakeng hajoale. Leha ho le joalo, ho lumeloa hore ho tla ba le lihlahisoa tsa li-granule tse phaphametseng 'marakeng Chaena haufinyane. Ka nako eo, li-granule tse ling tse tloaelehileng tsa metsi a phaphametseng kapa lihlahisoa tsa matlapa a phaphametseng li tla nkeloa sebaka ka tatellano merianeng ea masimo a raese, e leng se tla lumella lihlahisoa tse ngata tsa raese tsa lapeng ho sebelisoa. Balemi ba rua molemo ka tsela eo li sebelisoang ka eona.
Litokisetso tse kentsoeng ka har'a microcapsulated e ba sebaka se latelang sa tlholisano indastering.
Har'a mekhahlelo e teng ea litokisetso tse bolokang basebetsi, litokisetso tse kentsoeng ka har'a capsule e bile tsepamisitsoeng tlhokomelo indastering lilemong tsa morao tjena.
Ho emisoa ha microcapsule ea pesticide (CS) ho bolela motsoako oa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana o sebelisang thepa ea polymer ea maiketsetso kapa ea tlhaho ho etsa setshelo se senyenyane sa khetla, ho koahela chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ho eona, le ho e fanyeha ka metsing. E kenyelletsa likarolo tse peli, khetla ea capsule le motheo oa capsule, motheo oa capsule ke motsoako o sebetsang oa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, 'me khetla ea capsule ke thepa ea polymer e etsang filimi. Theknoloji ea microencapsulation e qalile ho sebelisoa kantle ho naha, ho kenyeletsoa le chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana le fungicides, e hlōtseng mathata a tekheniki le a litšenyehelo, 'me e boetse e ntlafalitsoe ka matla Chaena lilemong tsa morao tjena. Ho ea ka lipatlisiso tsa China Pesticide Information Network, ho tloha ka la 26 Mphalane, 2021, palo ea lihlahisoa tsa ho lokisa microencapsulated tse ngolisitsoeng naheng ea heso e ne e le 303 kaofela, 'me mekhoa e ngolisitsoeng e ne e kenyelletsa li-suspension tsa microcapsule tse 245, li-suspension tsa microcapsule tse 33, le li-suspension tsa microcapsule tsa kalafo ea peo. Li-granule tse 11, li-agent tse 8 tsa ho emisa ka peo ea microcapsule, phofo tse 3 tsa microcapsule, li-granule tse 7 tsa microcapsule, microcapsule e le 'ngoe, le emulsion e le 'ngoe ea metsi ea microcapsule suspension.
Ho ka bonoa hore palo ea li-suspension tsa microcapsule tse ngolisitsoeng litokisetsong tsa microcapsule tsa lapeng ke e kholo ka ho fetisisa, 'me mefuta ea liforomo tsa tekanyo e ngolisitsoeng e nyane haholo, kahoo ho na le sebaka se seholo sa nts'etsopele.
Liu Runfeng, motsamaisi oa Setsi sa R&D sa Yunfa Biological Group, o itse li-microcapsules, e le motsoako o sireletsang tikoloho, li na le melemo ea phello e tšoarellang nako e telele, polokeho le tšireletso ea tikoloho. E 'ngoe ea tsona ke sebaka se seholo sa lipatlisiso lilemong tsa morao tjena, 'me hape ke sebaka se secha se phahameng seo bahlahisi ba ka qothisanang lehlokoa le sona. Hona joale, lipatlisiso tsa lehae ka li-capsules li shebane haholo le liunivesithi le litsi tsa lipatlisiso tsa mahlale, 'me lipatlisiso tsa motheo tsa khopolo-taba li pharalletse haholo. Hobane ho na le litšitiso tse 'maloa tsa tekheniki ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea litokisetso tsa microcapsule, tse ka tlase ho 100 li rekisoa, 'me hoo e batlang e le ha ho na litokisetso tsa microcapsule Chaena. Lihlahisoa tsa Capsule ke likhoebo tsa ho lokisa likokoanyana tse nang le tlholisano ea mantlha.
Tlholisanong e matla ea 'maraka ea hona joale, ho phaella boemong bo ke keng ba senyeha ba lik'hamphani tsa khale tsa kantle ho naha lipelong tsa batho ba Chaena, lik'hamphani tse ncha tsa lehae tse kang Mingde Lida, Hailier, Lier, le Guangxi Tianyuan li itšetlehile ka boleng ho phunyeletsa thibello. Har'a tsona, Mingde Lida o ile a roba maikutlo a hore lihlahisoa tsa Chaena ha li ntle joaloka lik'hamphani tsa kantle ho naha tse tseleng ena.
Liu Runfeng o hlahisitse hore theknoloji ea microencapsulation ke tlholisano ea mantlha ea Mindleader. Mindleader e hlahisitse metsoako e kang beta-cyhalothrin, metolachlor, prochloraz, le abamectin: Ho na le lihlahisoa tse fetang 20 tse netefalitsoeng 'me li eme moleng bakeng sa ngoliso makaleng a mane a maholo: letoto la microcapsule la fungicide, letoto la microcapsule ea likokoanyana, letoto la microcapsule ea herbicide, le letoto la microcapsule ea peo. Lijalo tse fapaneng li 'nile tsa koaheloa, joalo ka raese, citrus, meroho, koro, liapole, poone, liapole, morara, linate tsa peanut, jj.
Hona jwale, dihlahiswa tsa microcapsule tsa Mingde Lida tse seng di thathamisitswe kapa tse tla thathamisitswe Chaena di kenyeletsa Delica® (25% beta-cyhalothrin le clothianidin microcapsule suspension-suspension agent), Lishan® (45% essence Metolachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Lizao® (30% Oxadiazone·Butachlor Microcapsule Suspension), Minggong® (30% Prochloraz Microcapsule Suspension), Jinggongfu ® (23% beta-cyhalothrin microcapsule suspension), Miaowanjin® (25% clothianidin·metalaxyl·fludioxonil peo kalafo microcapsule suspension-suspension), Deliang® (5% Abamectin Microcapsule Suspension), Mingdaoshou® (25% Prochloraz·Blastamide Microcapsule Suspension), jj. Nakong e tlang, ho tla ba le di-formulations tse ntjha tse entsweng ka di-suspension tsa microcapsule. Ka ho fihla ha ngoliso ea kantle ho naha, lihlahisoa tsa Mingde Lida tsa microcapsule li tla khothaletsoa le ho sebelisoa butle-butle lefatšeng ka bophara.
Ha a bua ka lipatlisiso tsa nakong e tlang le mokhoa oa nts'etsopele oa li-microcapsule tsa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana nakong e tlang, Liu Runfeng o senotse hore ho tla ba le litsela tse hlano tse latelang: ① ho tloha ho lokolloeng butle ho ea ho lokolloeng ho laoloang; ② thepa ea lebota e mosa tikolohong ho e-na le thepa ea lebota ea maiketsetso ho fokotsa ho lokolloa ha "microplastics" tikolohong; ③ e thehiloe moralo oa Foromo bakeng sa maemo a fapaneng a ts'ebeliso; ④ Mekhoa ea ho lokisa e sireletsehileng le e mosa tikolohong; ⑤ Mekhoa ea tlhahlobo ea mahlale. Ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba boleng ba lihlahisoa tsa ho emisoa ha microcapsule e tla ba sepheo sa likhoebo tse emeloang ke Mingde Lida nakong e tlang.
Ha re akaretsa, ka tswelopele e tebileng ya phokotso ya dibolaya-dikokwanyana le ntlafatso ya bokgoni, tlhoko ya mmaraka le bokgoni ba dihlahiswa tse bolokang basebetsi di tla sebediswa le ho lokollwa, mme bokamoso ba yona bo tla ba bo sa feleng. Ehlile, ho tla boela ho be le dikhamphani tse ngata tse ntle tsa ho lokisa tse kenang tseleng ena, mme tlholisano e tla ba matla le ho feta. Ka hona, batho indastering ba kopa dikhamphani tsa dibolaya-dikokwanyana tsa malapeng ho matlafatsa dipatlisiso le ntshetsopele ya dihlahiswa tsa dibolaya-dikokwanyana, ho eketsa matsete a dipatlisiso tsa mahlale, ho hlahloba tshebediso ya theknoloji tshebetsong ya dibolaya-dikokwanyana, ho kgothaletsa ntshetsopele ya dihlahiswa tse bolokang basebetsi, le ho sebeletsa temo hamolemo.
Nako ea poso: Mots'eanong-05-2022