E lenglihormone tsa phytoNa di bapala karolo ya bohlokwa taolong ya komello? Di-phytohormone di ikamahanya jwang le diphetoho tsa tikoloho? Pampiri e phatlaladitsweng koranteng ya Trends in Plant Science e hlalosa hape le ho arola mesebetsi ya dihlopha tse 10 tsa di-phytohormone tse fumanweng ho fihlela jwale mmusong wa dimela. Dimolekhule tsena di bapala karolo ya bohlokwa dimeleng mme di sebediswa haholo temong e le dibolaya-dikokwana-hloko, di-biostimulant, le tlhahisong ya ditholwana le meroho.
Phuputso e boetse e senola hore na ke englihormone tsa phytoli bohlokoa bakeng sa ho ikamahanya le maemo a fetohang a tikoloho (khaello ea metsi, likhohola, jj.) le ho netefatsa hore limela li phela libakeng tse mpe haholo. Mongoli oa thuto ena ke Sergi Munne-Bosch, moprofesa Lefapheng la Baeloji le Setsi sa Mefuta-futa ea Likokoana-hloko (IRBio) Univesithing ea Barcelona le hlooho ea Sehlopha se Kopaneng sa Lipatlisiso mabapi le Li-Antioxidant ho Biotechnology ea Temo.
"Ho tloha ha Fritz W. Went a sibolla auxin e le ntlha ya karohano ya sele ka 1927, diphetoho tsa saense dihormoneng tsa dimela di fetotse baeloji ya dimela le theknoloji ya temo," ho boletse Munne-Bosch, moprofesa wa baeloji ya ho iphetola ha dintho, tikoloho le mahlale a tikoloho.
Ho sa tsotellehe karolo ea bohlokoa ea tatellano ea lihormone tsa phyto, lipatlisiso tsa liteko sebakeng sena ha li so etse tsoelo-pele e kholo. Li-auxin, li-cytokinins, le li-gibberellin li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa kholong le nts'etsopele ea limela, 'me ho ea ka tatellano ea lihormone e sisintsoeng ke bangoli, li nkoa e le balaoli ba mantlha.
Boemong ba bobeli,asiti ea abscisic (ABA), ethylene, salicylates, le jasmonic acid li thusa ho laola likarabelo tse ntle tsa limela maemong a fetohang a tikoloho 'me ke lintlha tsa bohlokoa tse khethollang likarabelo tsa khatello. "Ethylene le abscisic acid li bohlokoa haholo tlas'a khatello ea metsi. Abscisic acid e ikarabella bakeng sa ho koaloa ha stomata (li-pores tse nyane makhasing a laolang phapanyetsano ea khase) le likarabelo tse ling khatellong ea metsi le ho felloa ke metsi 'meleng. Limela tse ling li khona ho sebelisa metsi hantle haholo, haholo-holo ka lebaka la karolo ea taolo ea abscisic acid," ho bolela Munne-Bosch. Brassinosteroids, lihormone tsa peptide, le strigolactones li etsa boemo ba boraro ba lihormone, tse fang limela monyetla o moholo oa ho arabela maemong a fapaneng ka botlalo.
Ho feta moo, limolek'hule tse ling tse ka khethoang bakeng sa li-phytohormone ha li so fihlelle litlhoko tsohle ka botlalo 'me li ntse li emetse ho fumanoa ha ho qetela. "Melatonin le γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) ke mehlala e 'meli e metle. Melatonin e fihlela litlhoko tsohle, empa ho fumanoa ha receptor ea eona ho ntse ho le mehatong ea pele (hajoale, receptor ea PMTR1 e fumanoe feela ho Arabidopsis thaliana). Leha ho le joalo, haufinyane, sechaba sa mahlale se ka fihlela tumellano 'me sa e tiisa e le phytohormone."
"Ha e le GABA, ha ho na li-receptor tse fumanoeng limela. GABA e laola likanale tsa ion, empa hoa makatsa hore ebe ha se neurotransmitter e tsebahalang kapa hormone ea liphoofolo limela," ho boletse setsebi.
Nakong e tlang, kaha lihlopha tsa phytohormone ha li bohlokoa feela saenseng ea motheo ea baeloji empa hape li na le bohlokoa bo boholo masimong a temo le biotechnology ea limela, hoa hlokahala ho atolosa tsebo ea rona ea lihlopha tsa phytohormone.
"Ho bohlokoa ho ithuta li-phytohormone tse ntseng li sa utloisisoe hantle, tse kang strigolactones, brassinosteroids, le li-peptide hormones. Re hloka lipatlisiso tse ling mabapi le likamano tsa li-hormone, e leng sebaka se sa utloisisoeng hantle, hammoho le limolek'hule tse e-so ka li aroloa e le li-phytohormones, tse kang melatonin le gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)," ho phethela Sergi Munne-Bosch. Mohloli: Munne-Bosch, S. Phytohormones:
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-13-2025