Ka mor'a Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše lilemong tsa bo-1950, litšitšili li ne li batla li felisitsoe lefatšeng ka bophara ka tšebeliso easebolaya dikokoanyanadichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, e tsejoang hamolemo e le DDT, k’hemik’hale eo esale e thibetsoe. Leha ho le joalo, ho tloha ka nako eo, likokoanyana tse senyang litoropong li tsoetse pele lefatšeng ka bophara, ’me li tsoetse pele ho hanyetsa mefuta e mengata ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana e sebelisoang ho li laola.
Phuputso e phatlalalitsoeng ho Journal of Medical Entomology e hlalosa kamoo sehlopha sa lipatlisiso se tsoang Virginia Tech, se etelletsoeng pele ke setsebi sa likokoana-hloko sa litoropong Warren Booth, se sibolotseng liphetoho tsa lefutso tse ka lebisang ho hanyetsa likokoanyana.
Ho sibolloa hona e bile litholoana tsa lipatlisiso Booth e hlophisitsoeng bakeng sa seithuti se fumaneng mangolo Camilla Block ho ntlafatsa tsebo ea hae ea lipatlisiso tsa limolek'hule.
Booth, ea sebetsanang ka ho khetheha le likokoanyana tse senyang metseng ea litoropo, e ne e le khale a hlokometse phetoho ea liphatsa tsa lefutso liseleng tsa methapo ea maphele le lintsintsi tse tšoeu tsa Jeremane tse neng li etsa hore li se ke tsa hlola li bolaea likokoanyana. Booth o khothalelitse hore Block a nke sampole ea kokoanyana e le 'ngoe ho tsoa ho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea litšitšili tse fapaneng tse 134 tse bokelletsoeng ke lik'hamphani tse laolang likokoanyana tsa Amerika Leboea pakeng tsa 2008 le 2022 ho bona hore na kaofela li na le phetoho ea lisele tse tšoanang. Liphetho li bonts'itse hore litšitšili tse peli tse tsoang lichabeng tse peli tse fapaneng li na le phetoho e tšoanang ea lisele.
"Ha e le hantle tsena ke lisampole tsa ka tsa ho qetela tse 24," ho boletse Bullock, ea ithutang thuto ea likokoana-hloko ebile e le setho sa Invasive Species Partnership. “Ke ne ke qala ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa limolek’hule, kahoo ho ba le tsebo ena ea limolek’hule e ne e le habohlokoa ho ’na.”
Hobane tlhaselo ea litšitšili e tšoana ka liphatsa tsa lefutso ka lebaka la ho ikatisa ka bongata, ke mohlala o le mong feela o tsoang sampoleng ka 'ngoe o emelang baahi. Empa Booth o ne a batla ho netefatsa hore Bullock e hlile e fumane phetoho, kahoo ba ile ba leka lisampole tsohle ho tsoa ho batho ka bobeli ba khethiloeng.
"Ha re khutlela morao ho ea hlahloba batho ba 'maloa ho tsoa lichabeng tseo ka bobeli, re ile ra fumana hore e mong le e mong oa bona o na le phetoho eo," ho boletse Booth. "Kahoo liphetoho tsa bona li hlophisitsoe, 'me ke liphetoho tse tšoanang le tseo re li fumaneng ho lephele la Jeremane."
Ka ho ithuta ka maphele a Majeremane, Booth o ile a ithuta hore ho hana ha tsona ho chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ho bakoa ke liphetoho tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso liseleng tsa tsamaiso ea methapo le hore mekhoa ena e ne e etselitsoe tikoloho.
Booth, eo hape a sebetsang Setsing sa Fralin sa Life Sciences, o re: “Ho na le phatsa ea lefutso e bitsoang Rdl gene. Phetoho ena e teng mapheleng 'ohle a Jeremane. Hoa makatsa hore ebe ha re e-s'o fumane baahi ba se nang phetoho ena.
Fipronil le dieldrin, likokoana-hloko tse peli tse bontšitsoeng li sebetsa khahlanong le litšitšili ka laboratoring, li sebetsa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang oa ts'ebetso, kahoo phetoho ea khopolo e ile ea etsa hore likokoanyana li hane ka bobeli, Booth o itse. Dieldrin e thibetsoe ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1990, empa fipronil e se e sebelisoa feela bakeng sa taolo ea letsetse ho likatse le lintja, eseng bakeng sa litšitšili.
Booth o belaela hore beng ba liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ba sebelisang kalafo ea topical fipronil ba lumella likatse le lintja tsa bona ho robala le tsona, ba pepesetsa libethe tsa bona masala a fipronil. Haeba litšitšili li ne li ka kenngoa tikolohong e joalo, li ne li ka pepesetsoa fipronil ka mokhoa o sa lebelloang, ebe phetoho e ka khethoa bakeng sa palo ea litšitšili.
"Ha re tsebe hore na phetoho ena e ncha, hore na e hlahile ka mor'a mona, hore na e hlahile nakong ena, kapa e ne e se e ntse e le teng ho baahi lilemong tse 100 tse fetileng," Booth o itse.
Mohato o latelang e tla ba ho atolosa patlisiso le ho sheba liphetoho tsena likarolong tse fapaneng tsa lefats'e, haholo-holo Europe, le ka linako tse fapaneng har'a mehlala ea limusiamo, kaha likokoana-hloko li bile teng ka lilemo tse fetang milione.
Ka Pulungoana 2024, lab ea Booth e atlehile ho tatellana le lefutso lohle la kokoanyana e tloaelehileng ea bethe lekgetlo la pele.
Booth o hlokometse hore bothata ba DNA ea musiamo ke hore e robeha likotoana tse nyane ka potlako haholo, empa kaha joale bafuputsi ba na le litempele tsa boemo ba chromosome, ba ka nka likhechana tseo ebe ba li hlophisa bocha ka li-chromosome, ba etsa liphatsa tsa lefutso bocha le genome.
Booth o hlokometse hore basebetsi-'moho le eena ba laborateng le lik'hamphani tse laolang likokoanyana, kahoo mosebetsi oa bona oa tatellano ea liphatsa tsa lefutso o ka ba thusa ho utloisisa hamolemo hore na litšitšili li fumaneha kae lefatšeng ka bophara le hore na li ka thusa joang ho li felisa.
Kaha joale Bullock o ntlafalitse tsebo ea hae ea limolek'hule, o lebelletse ho tsoela pele ka lipatlisiso tsa hae mabapi le thuto ea ho iphetola ha lintho tsa litoropong.
"Ke rata thuto ea ho iphetola ha lintho. Ke nahana hore e ea thahasellisa haholo," ho boletse Block. “Batho ba hlaolela kamano e tebileng le mefuta ena ea litoropong, ’me ke nahana hore ho bonolo ho etsa hore batho ba thahaselle litšitšili hobane ba khona ho e utloisisa ka bobona.”
Nako ea poso: May-13-2025