Kamora Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, litšitšili li ile tsa senya lefatše, empa lilemong tsa bo-1950 li ile tsa batla li felisoa ka ho feletseng ka sebolaya-likokoanyana dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT). Khemik'hale ena e ile ea thibeloa hamorao. Ho tloha ka nako eo, sekokoanyana sena sa litoropong se khutlile lefatšeng ka bophara 'me se hanyetse likokoanyana tse ngata tse bolaeang likokoanyana tse sebelisoang ho li laola.
Phuputso e phatlalalitsoeng ho Journal of Medical Entomology e hlalosa ka botlalo kamoo sehlopha sa bafuputsi se tsoang Virginia Tech, se etelletsoeng pele ke setsebi sa likokoanyana tsa litoropong Warren Booth, se ileng sa sibolla phetoho ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e ka lebisang ho haneleng chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana.
Liphihlelo tsena e bile litholoana tsa Booth ea phuputso e etselitsoeng seithuti se fumaneng mangolo Camille Block ho ntlafatsa tsebo ea hae lipatlisisong tsa limolek'hule.
“E ne e le leeto la ho tšoasa litlhapi feela,” ho boletse Booth, moprofesa ea thusang oa thuto ea likokoanyana tsa litoropong Kolecheng ea Joseph R. le Mary W. Wilson ea Temo le Saense ea Bophelo.
Booth, setsebi sa likokoanyana tsa litoropong, o ne a se a ntse a tseba ka phetoho ea liphatsa tsa lefutso liseleng tsa methapo ea maphele a Jeremane le lintsintsi tse tšoeu tse neng li hanyetsa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana. Booth o ile a etsa tlhahiso ea hore Brooke a hlahlobe sampole e le 'ngoe ea likokoanyana tsa bethe ho tsoa ho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea lihlopha tse 134 tse fapaneng tse bokelletsoeng ke k'hamphani ea taolo ea likokoanyana ea Amerika Leboea pakeng tsa 2008 le 2022 ho fumana hore na li na le phetoho e tšoanang ea sele. Liphetho li bontšitse hore likokoanyana tse peli tsa bethe tse tsoang lihlopha tse peli tse fapaneng li ne li jere phetoho.
"Ha e le hantle (tshibollo ena) e entsoe ho latela mehlala ea ka ea ho qetela e 24," ho boletse Block, ea ithutang thuto ea likokoanyana 'me e le setho sa Invasive Species Collaboration. "Ha ke e-so ka ke etsa baeloji ea limolek'hule pele, kahoo ho ithuta tsebo ena ho bohlokoa ho 'na."
Kaha palo ea litšitšili tsa libethe e tšoana haholo ka liphatsa tsa lefutso, haholo-holo ka lebaka la ho tsoala hammoho, sampole e le 'ngoe ho tsoa ho sehlopha ka seng hangata e lekane ho emela sehlopha sohle. Leha ho le joalo, ho netefatsa hore Brock o ne a hlile a fumane phetoho ena, Booth o ile a leka lisampole tsohle ho tsoa ho lihlopha tse peli tse khethiloeng.
“Ha re boela re leka batho ba ’maloa ba lichaba tsena ka bobeli, re ile ra fumana hore kaofela ba na le phetoho ena,” ho boletse Booth. “Kahoo ba ile ba tsejoa e le bajari ba liphetoho tsena, ’me liphetoho tsena ke tsona tseo re li fumaneng ho maphele a Jeremane.”
Ka lipatlisiso tsa hae mabapi le maphele a Jeremane, Booth o ithutile hore ho hanyetsa ha ’ona chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ho bakiloe ke liphetoho tsa liphatsa tsa lefutso liseleng tsa tsamaiso ea ’ona ea methapo, le hore mekhoa ena e itšetlehile ka tikoloho.
"Ho na le jini e bitsoang jini ea Rdl. E fumanoe mefuteng e meng e mengata ea likokoanyana 'me e amahanngoa le ho hanyetsa dieldrin ea likokoanyana," ho boletse Booth, mofuputsi oa Fralin Institute of Life Sciences. "Phetoho ena e teng ho maphele 'ohle a Jeremane. Ho makatsang ke hore ha re so fumane le sehlopha se le seng se sa jereng phetoho ena."
Ho ea ka Booth, fipronil le dieldrin—tse bolaeang likokoanyana ka bobeli li pakiloe li sebetsa khahlanong le litšitšili lithutong tsa laboratori—li na le mokhoa o tšoanang oa ts'ebetso, kahoo ka khopolo-taba, phetoho ena e ka lebisa nts'etsopele ea ho hanyetsa meriana ka bobeli. Dieldrin e thibetsoe ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1990, empa fipronil e ntse e sebelisoa bakeng sa kalafo ea lintsintsi tsa lintja le likatse, eseng bakeng sa taolo ea litšitšili.
Booth o belaela hore beng ba liphoofolo tse ruuoang lapeng ba bangata ba sebelisang marotholi a fipronil ho phekola liphoofolo tsa bona tsa lapeng ba lumella likatse le lintja tsa bona ho robala le tsona, ba pepesetsa libethe tsa bona masala a fipronil. Haeba likokoanyana tsa bethe li kena tikolohong e joalo, li ka 'na tsa kopana le fipronil ka phoso 'me tsa sekamela ho ata ha mofuta ona har'a baahi.
"Ha re tsebe hore na phetoho ena e ncha, hore na e hlahile hamorao, nakong eo, kapa hore na e ne e se e ntse e le teng ho baahi lilemong tse 100 tse fetileng," ho boletse Booth.
Mohato o latelang e tla ba ho atolosa patlo ea ho lemoha liphetoho tsena lefatšeng ka bophara, haholo-holo Europe, le lipontšong tsa musiamo ho tloha linakong tse fapaneng, kaha likokoanyana tsa bethe li bile teng ka lilemo tse fetang milione.
Ka Pudungwana 2024, Booth Labs e ile ea e-ba laboratori ea pele ho latela ka katleho genome eohle ea kokoanyana e tloaelehileng.
“Lena ke lekhetlo la pele genome ea kokoanyana ena e aroloa ka tatellano,” ho boletse Booth. “Joale kaha re na le tatellano ea genome, re ka ithuta disampole tsena tsa musiamo.”
Booth o hlokomela hore bothata ka DNA ea musiamo ke hore e aroloa likotoana tse nyane ka potlako haholo, empa bafuputsi joale ba na le litempele tsa boemo ba chromosome tse ba lumellang ho ntša likotoana tsena le ho li hokahanya le li-chromosome tsena ho tsosolosa liphatsa tsa lefutso le li-genome.
Booth o hlokomela hore laboratori ea hae e sebelisana le lik'hamphani tsa taolo ea likokoanyana, kahoo mosebetsi oa bona oa ho hlophisa liphatsa tsa lefutso o ka ba thusa ho utloisisa hamolemo ho ata ha likokoanyana lefatšeng ka bophara le litsela tsa ho li felisa.
Jwale kaha Brock o se a ntlafaditse bokgoni ba hae ba baeloji ya dimolek'hule, o thabetse ho tswela pele ka dipatlisiso tsa hae mabapi le ho iphetola ha dintho ditoropong.
"Ke rata thuto ea ho iphetola ha lintho. Ke e fumana e khahlisa haholo," ho boletse Block. "Batho ba ikutloa ba e-na le kamano e ntle le mefuta ena ea litoropo, 'me ke nahana hore ho bonolo ho etsa hore batho ba thahaselle litšitšili tsa bethe hobane mohlomong ba kile ba kopana le tsona ka mahlo."
Lindsay Myers ke mofuputsi ea fumaneng mangolo Lefapheng la Thuto ea Likokoana-hloko le setho se seng sa sehlopha sa lipatlisiso sa Booth ho Virginia Tech.
Virginia Tech, e le univesithi ea lefats'e ka bophara, e tšehetsoang ke sechaba, e bontša tšusumetso ea eona ka ho ntšetsa pele nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng metseng ea rona, Virginia le lefats'eng ka bophara.
Nako ea poso: Tshitwe-12-2025