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Mimetic Zaxinon (MiZax) e khothalletsa ka katleho kholo le tlhahiso ea limela tsa litapole le fragola libakeng tsa lehoatata.

Phetoho ea boemo ba leholimo le keketseho e potlakileng ea baahi e fetohile liphephetso tse ka sehloohong molemong oa polokeho ea lijo lefatšeng ka bophara.Tharollo e 'ngoe e tšepisang ke tšebeliso eabalaoli ba kholo ea limela(PGRs) ho eketsa chai le ho hlola maemo a sa rateheng a ho hola joalo ka maemo a lehoatata.Haufinyane tjena, carotenoid zaxinone le li-analogue tsa eona tse peli (MiZax3 le MiZax5) li bonts'itse ts'ebetso e ts'episang ea kholo ea lijalo tsa lijo-thollo le meroho tlasa maemo a sethopo le masimong.Mona, re ile ra tsoela pele ho etsa lipatlisiso ka litlamorao tsa likhakanyo tse fapaneng tsa MiZax3 le MiZax5 (5 μM le 10 μM ka 2021; 2.5 μM le 5 μM ka 2022) kholong le chai ea lijalo tse peli tsa boleng bo holimo naheng ea Cambodia: litapole le Saudi Arabia. strawberry.Arabia.Litekong tse hlano tse ikemetseng tsa masimong ho tloha ka 2021 ho isa 2022, ts'ebeliso ea MiZax ka bobeli e ntlafalitse haholo litšobotsi tsa temo ea semela, likarolo tsa tlhahiso le chai ka kakaretso.Ho bohlokoa ho hlokomela hore MiZax e sebelisoa ka litekanyetso tse tlase haholo ho feta humic acid (e sebelisoang haholo khoebong e sebelisoang mona ho bapisa).Kahoo, liphetho tsa rona li bonts'a hore MiZax ke taolo e kholo ea kholo ea limela e ka sebelisoang ho khothaletsa kholo le chai ea lijalo tsa meroho esita le maemong a lehoatata le libakeng tse batlang li le tlase.
Ho latela Mokhatlo oa Lijo le Temo oa Machaba a Kopaneng (FAO), litsamaiso tsa rona tsa tlhahiso ea lijo li tlameha ho imena ka makhetlo a ka bang mararo ka 2050 ho fepa palo e ntseng e eketseha ea baahi ba lefatše (FAO: Lefatše le tla hloka lijo tse eketsehileng ka 70% ka 20501).Ha e le hantle, keketseho e potlakileng ea baahi, tšilafalo, metsamao ea likokoanyana haholo-holo mocheso o phahameng le komello e bakoang ke phetoho ea maemo a leholimo kaofela ke liqholotso tse tobaneng le polokeho ea lijo ea lefatše2.Ntlheng ena, ho eketsa chai e kholo ea lijalo tsa temo maemong a tlase ke e 'ngoe ea litharollo tse ke keng tsa hanyetsoa bothateng bona bo matla.Leha ho le joalo, kholo le nts'etsopele ea semela haholo-holo li itšetlehile ka boteng ba limatlafatsi mobung 'me li thibetsoe haholo ke maemo a mabe a tikoloho, ho kenyelletsa le komello, letsoai kapa biotic stress3,4,5.Likhatello tsena li ka ama bophelo bo botle le nts'etsopele ea lijalo hampe, 'me qetellong tsa lebisa ho fokotseng chai ea lijalo6.Ho feta moo, mehloli e fokolang ea metsi a hloekileng e ama haholo nosetso ea lijalo, ha phetoho ea boemo ba leholimo lefatšeng ka bophara e fokotsa sebaka sa mobu o lemehang le liketsahalo tse kang maqhubu a mocheso li fokotsa tlhahiso ea lijalo7,8.Lithempereichara tse phahameng li tloaelehile likarolong tse ngata tsa lefatše, ho akarelletsa le Saudi Arabia.Tšebeliso ea li-biostimulants kapa lilaoli tsa kholo ea limela (PGRs) li molemo bakeng sa ho khutsufatsa nako ea kholo le ho eketsa chai.E ka ntlafatsa mamello ea lijalo le ho nolofalletsa limela ho sebetsana le maemo a sa thabiseng a ho hōla9.Tabeng ena, li-biostimulants le li-regulator tsa kholo ea limela li ka sebelisoa ka mokhoa o nepahetseng ho ntlafatsa kholo ea limela le tlhahiso10,11.
Li-carotenoids ke li-tetraterpenoids tse sebetsang hape e le li-precursors tsa phytohormones abscisic acid (ABA) le strigolactone (SL) 12,13,14, hammoho le li-regulator tsa kholo tse sa tsoa sibolloa tsaxinone, anorene le cyclocitral15,16,17,18,19.Leha ho le joalo, boholo ba metabolite ea sebele, ho kenyelletsa le lihlahisoa tsa carotenoid, li na le mehloli e fokolang ea tlhaho le / kapa ha e tsitsa, e leng ho etsang hore ts'ebetso ea bona e tobileng tšimong ena e be thata.Kahoo, lilemong tse 'maloa tse fetileng, li-analogue/mimetics tse' maloa tsa ABA le SL li entsoe le ho lekoa bakeng sa likopo tsa temo20,21,22,23,24,25.Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, re sa tsoa hlahisa li-mimetics tsa zaxinone (MiZax), metabolite e khothalletsang kholo e ka hlahisang liphello tsa eona ka ho matlafatsa metabolism ea tsoekere le ho laola SL homeostasis metsong ea raese19,26.Li-mimetics tsa zaxinone 3 (MiZax3) le MiZax5 (libopeho tsa lik'hemik'hale tse bontšitsoeng setšoantšong sa 1A) li bontšitse ts'ebetso ea likokoana-hloko e bapisoang le zaxinone limela tsa raese tse hlaha tse lengoang ka metsi le mobung26.Ho feta moo, phekolo ea langa le le lej, palema ea letsatsi, pepere e tala le mokopu ka zaxinone, MiZax3 le MiZx5 li ntlafalitse kholo ea limela le tlhahiso, ke hore, tlhahiso ea pepere le boleng, tlas'a sethopo le maemo a bulehileng, a bontšang karolo ea bona e le li-biostimulants le tšebeliso ea PGR27..Ho khahlisang, MiZax3 le MiZax5 le tsona li ntlafalitse mamello ea letsoai la pepere e tala e lenngoeng tlas'a maemo a phahameng a letsoai, 'me MiZax3 e ekelitse lihlahisoa tsa zinc tsa litholoana ha e kentsoe ka tšepe e nang le zinki7,28.
(A) Mehaho ea lik'hemik'hale ea MiZax3 le MiZax5.(B) Phello ea ho fafatsa ka foliar ea MZ3 le MZ5 maemong a 5 µM le 10 µM limeleng tsa litapole tlas'a maemo a bulehileng.Teko e tla etsahala ka 2021. Lintlha li hlahisoa e le ± SD e bolelang.n≥15.Tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo e entsoe ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea tsela e le 'ngoe ea phapang (ANOVA) le tlhahlobo ea post hoc ea Tukey.Linaleli li bontša phapang e kholo ea lipalo ha e bapisoa le papiso (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, eseng ea bohlokoa).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Mosebetsing ona, re ile ra lekola MiZax (MiZax3 le MiZax5) libakeng tse tharo tsa makhasi (5 µM le 10 µM ka 2021 le 2.5 µM le 5 µM ka 2022) mme ra li bapisa le litapole (Solanum tuberosum L).The commercial growth regulator humic acid (HA) e ile ea bapisoa le fragole (Fragaria ananassa) litekong tsa fragola greenhouse ka 2021 le 2022 le litekong tse 'nè tsa masimo a' Muso oa Saudi Arabia, sebaka se tloaelehileng sa lehoatata.Leha HA e le biostimulant e sebelisoang haholo e nang le litlamorao tse ngata tse molemo, ho kenyelletsa ho eketseha ho fumaneha ha limatlafatsi mobung le ho khothaletsa kholo ea lijalo ka ho laola hormonal homeostasis, liphetho tsa rona li bonts'a hore MiZax e phahame ho feta HA.
Li-tubers tsa litapole tsa mofuta oa Diamond li rekiloe ho Jabbar Nasser Al Bishi Trading Company, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.Lipeo tsa mefuta e 'meli ea fragola "Sweet Charlie" le "Festival" le humic acid li ile tsa rekoa ho Modern Agritech Company, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.Lisebelisuoa tsohle tsa limela tse sebelisitsoeng mosebetsing ona li lumellana le Setatemente sa Leano la IUCN mabapi le Lipatlisiso Tse Kenyelletsang Mefuta e Kotsing ea ho Fela le Tumellano ea Khoebo ka Mefuta e Kotsing ea Liphoofolo le Limela tse Hlaha.
Sebaka sa liteko se Hada Al-Sham, Saudi Arabia (21°48′3″N, 39°43′25″E).Mobu o lehlabathe le loam, pH 7.8, EC 1.79 dcm-130.Thepa ea mobu e bonts'itsoe ho Letlapa la Tlatsetso S1.
Lipeo tse tharo tsa fragola (Fragaria x ananassa D. var. Festival) sethaleng sa 'nete sa makhasi li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse tharo ho hlahloba phello ea ho fafatsa ka makhasi ka 10 μM MiZax3 le MiZax5 ka litšobotsi tsa kholo le nako ea lipalesa tlas'a maemo a sethopo.Ho fafatsa makhasi ka metsi (e nang le 0.1% ea acetone) e ne e sebelisoa e le phekolo ea mohlala.Li-spray tsa MiZax foliar li ne li sebelisoa makhetlo a 7 ka nako ea beke e le 'ngoe.Liteko tse peli tse ikemetseng li entsoe ka Loetse 15 le 28, 2021, ka ho latellana.Tekanyetso ea ho qala ea motsoako ka mong ke 50 ml, ebe butle-butle e eketseha ho fihlela tekanyo ea ho qetela ea 250 ml.Bakeng sa libeke tse peli tse latellanang, palo ea limela tse thunyang e ne e ngotsoe letsatsi le leng le le leng 'me sekhahla sa lipalesa se baloa qalong ea beke ea bone.Ho fumana litšobotsi tsa khōlo, palo ea makhasi, semela se secha le boima bo omileng, sebaka sa makhasi a feletseng, le palo ea li-stolon ka semela li lekantsoe qetellong ea mohato oa ho hōla le qalong ea mohato oa ho ikatisa.Sebaka sa makhasi se ile sa lekanyetsoa ka mithara ea sebaka sa makhasi 'me lisampole tse ncha li omisitsoe ka ontong ea 100 ° C ka lihora tse 48.
Ho ile ha etsoa liteko tse peli tsa masimo: ho lema kapele le ka morao ho nako.Li-tuber tsa litapole tsa mofuta oa "Diamant" li lenngoe ka Pulungoana le Hlakola, ka nako ea pele le ea morao ea ho butsoa, ​​ka ho latellana.Li-Biostimulants (MiZax-3 le -5) li sebelisoa maemong a 5.0 le 10.0 µM (2021) le 2.5 le 5.0 µM (2022).Fafatsa humic acid (HA) 1 g/l makhetlo a 8 ka beke.Metsi kapa acetone e ne e sebelisoa e le taolo e mpe.Moqapi oa teko ea tšimo o bontšoa ho (Setšoantšo sa Tlatsetso S1).Moralo o felletseng oa li-block (RCBD) o nang le sebaka sa morero oa 2.5 m × 3.0 m o ile oa sebelisoa ho etsa liteko tsa tšimo.Kalafo ka 'ngoe e ile ea phetoa ka makhetlo a mararo e le likopi tse ikemetseng.Sebaka pakeng tsa sebaka se seng le se seng ke 1.0 m, 'me sebaka se pakeng tsa boloko ka' ngoe ke 2.0 m.Sebaka pakeng tsa limela ke 0.6 m, sebaka se pakeng tsa mela ke 1 m.Limela tsa litapole li ne li nosetsoa letsatsi le leng le le leng ka marotholi ka tekanyo ea 3.4 l ka lerotholi le leng le le leng.Tsamaiso e sebetsa habeli ka letsatsi metsotso e 10 nako le nako ho fana ka metsi ho limela.Mekhoa eohle e khothaletsoang ea agrotechnical ea ho lema litapole tlas'a maemo a komello e sebelisitsoe31.Likhoeli tse 'nè ka mor'a ho lema, bolelele ba semela (cm), palo ea makala ho semela ka seng, motsoako oa litapole le chai, le boleng ba tuber bo ile ba lekanyetsoa ka mekhoa e tloaelehileng.
Lipeo tsa mefuta e 'meli ea fragola (Sweet Charlie le Mokete) li ile tsa lekoa tlas'a maemo a masimo.Li-Biostimulants (MiZax-3 le -5) li ne li sebelisoa e le li-sprays tsa makhasi maemong a 5.0 le 10.0 µM (2021) le 2.5 le 5.0 µM (2022) makhetlo a robeli ka beke.Sebelisa 1 g ea HA ka litha e le 'ngoe e le foliar spray ka ho bapa le MiZax-3 le -5, ka motsoako oa taolo ea H2O kapa acetone e le taolo e mpe.Lipeo tsa fragola li lenngoe sebakeng sa 2.5 x 3 m mathoasong a Pulungoana ka sebaka sa semela sa 0.6 m le sebaka sa mela e le 1 m.Teko e ile ea etsoa RCBD 'me ea phetoa makhetlo a mararo.Limela li ne li nosetsoa metsotso e 10 letsatsi ka leng ka 7:00 le 17:00 ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa ho nosetsa oa marotholi o nang le li-drip tse arohaneng ka 0.6 m le matla a 3.4 L. likarolo tsa Agrotechnical le litekanyetso tsa tlhahiso li lekantsoe nakong ea ho hōla.Boleng ba litholoana bo kenyeletsang TSS (%), vithamine C32, acidity le kakaretso ea metsoako ea phenolic33 e ile ea hlahlojoa ho Laboratori ea Postharvest Physiology le Technology ea King Abdulaziz University.
Lintlha li hlahisoa joalo ka mekhoa 'me liphapang li hlahisoa joalo ka liphapang tse tloaelehileng.Bohlokoa ba lipalo-palo bo ile ba khethoa ho sebelisoa ANOVA ea tsela e le 'ngoe (ANOVA ea tsela e le' ngoe) kapa ANOVA ea litsela tse peli ho sebelisa teko ea papiso e mengata ea Tukey ho sebelisoa boemo ba monyetla oa p <0.05 kapa teko ea t ea Moithuti ea nang le mehatla e 'meli ho fumana phapang e kholo (*p <0.05 , * *p < 0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001).Litlhaloso tsohle tsa lipalo-palo li entsoe ho sebelisoa mofuta oa GraphPad Prism 8.3.0.Mekhatlo e ile ea lekoa ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea likarolo tse ka sehloohong (PCA), mokhoa oa lipalo-palo oa mefuta-futa, o sebelisa sephutheloana sa R ​​34.
Tlalehong e fetileng, re bonts'itse ts'ebetso ea nts'etsopele ea kholo ea MiZax maemong a 5 le 10 μM limeleng tsa temo le ho ntlafatsa sesupo sa chlorophyll ho Soil Plant Assay (SPAD)27.Ho ipapisitsoe le liphetho tsena, re sebelisitse maemo a ts'oanang ho lekola litlamorao tsa MiZax ho litapole, sejalo sa bohlokoa sa lijo tsa lefats'e, litekong tsa masimo a lehoatata ka 2021. Ka ho khetheha, re ne re thahasella ho lekola hore na MiZax e ka eketsa pokello ea starch. , sehlahisoa sa ho qetela sa photosynthesis.Ka kakaretso, ts'ebeliso ea MiZax e ntlafalitse kholo ea limela tsa litapole ha e bapisoa le humic acid (HA), e leng se entseng hore ho be le keketseho ea bophahamo ba limela, biomass le palo ea makala (Fig. 1B).Ntle le moo, re hlokometse hore 5 μM MiZax3 le MiZax5 li bile le phello e matla ho eketsa bolelele ba semela, palo ea makala, le biomass ea limela ha li bapisoa le 10 μM (Setšoantšo sa 1B).Hammoho le khōlo e ntlafetseng, MiZax e boetse e eketsa chai, e lekantsoeng ka palo le boima ba li-tubers tse kotuloang.Litholoana tse molemo ka kakaretso li ne li sa hlake ha MiZax e ne e sebelisoa ka bongata ba 10 μM, ho fana ka maikutlo a hore metsoako ena e lokela ho tsamaisoa ka bongata bo ka tlase ho sena (Setšoantšo sa 1B).Ho phaella moo, ha rea ​​ka ra bona liphapang likarolong tsohle tse tlalehiloeng pakeng tsa phekolo ea acetone (mock) le metsi (taolo), ho fana ka maikutlo a hore liphello tsa ho feto-fetoha ha kholo tse hlokometsoeng ha lia bakoa ke solvent, e lumellanang le tlaleho ea rona e fetileng27.
Kaha nako ea temo ea litapole Saudi Arabia e na le kholo ea pele le ea morao, re ile ra etsa thuto ea bobeli ea masimo ka 2022 re sebelisa likhahla tse tlase (2.5 le 5 µM) nakong ea lihla tse peli ho lekola phello ea nako ea masimo a bulehileng (Setšoantšo sa Tlatsetso S2A).Joalokaha ho lebeletsoe, likopo tse peli tsa 5 μM MiZax li ile tsa hlahisa liphello tse khothalletsang kholo tse tšoanang le teko ea pele: ho eketseha ha limela, ho eketseha ha lekala, ho phahama ha biomass, le ho eketseha ha palo ea tuber (setšoantšo sa 2; Supplementary Fig. S3).Habohlokoa, re hlokometse liphello tse kholo tsa li-PGR tsena sebakeng sa 2.5 μM, athe phekolo ea GA e ne e sa bontše liphello tse boletsoeng esale pele.Sephetho sena se fana ka maikutlo a hore MiZax e ka sebelisoa le maemong a tlase ho feta kamoo ho neng ho lebelletsoe.Ntle le moo, ts'ebeliso ea MiZax e boetse e ekelitse bolelele le bophara ba li-tubers (Supplementary Figure S2B).Hape re fumane keketseho e kholo ea boima ba tuber, empa mahloriso a 2.5 µM a ne a sebelisoa feela ka linako tse peli tsa ho lema;
Tekolo ea semela ea phenotypic ea phello ea MiZax ho limela tse ntseng li hola tsa litapole tšimong ea KAU, e entsoeng ka 2022. Lintlha li emela ± kheloha e tloaelehileng.n≥15.Tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo e entsoe ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea tsela e le 'ngoe ea phapang (ANOVA) le tlhahlobo ea post hoc ea Tukey.Linaleli li bontša phapang e kholo ea lipalo ha e bapisoa le papiso (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, eseng ea bohlokoa).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Ho utloisisa hamolemo liphello tsa phekolo (T) le selemo (Y), ANOVA ea litsela tse peli e ile ea sebelisoa ho hlahloba tšebelisano ea bona (T x Y).Leha li-biostimulants (T) kaofela li ekelitse bolelele ba semela sa litapole haholo le biomass, ke MiZax3 le MiZax5 feela tse ileng tsa eketsa palo ea tuber le boima ba 'mele, e leng se bontšang hore likarabo tse peli tsa li-tuber tsa litapole ho MiZax tse peli li ne li tšoana hantle (setšoantšo sa 3)).Ho feta moo, qalong ea sehla boemo ba leholimo (https://www.timeanddate.com/weather/saudi-arabia/jeddah/climate) bo chesa haholo (karolelano ea 28 °C le mongobo 52% (2022), e fokotsang haholo. ka kakaretso tuber biomass (sa feiga. 2; Tlatsetso sa feiga. S3).
Ithute litlamorao tsa kalafo ea 5 µm (T), selemo (Y) le tšebelisano ea tsona (T x Y) ho litapole.Lintlha li emela moelelo ± kheloha e tloaelehileng.n ≥ 30. Tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo e ile ea etsoa ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea litsela tse peli tsa phapang (ANOVA).Linaleli li bontša phapang e kholo ea lipalo ha e bapisoa le papiso (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, eseng ea bohlokoa).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Leha ho le joalo, kalafo ea Myzax e ne e ntse e batla ho susumetsa kholo ea limela tse holang kamora nako.Ka kakaretso, liteko tsa rona tse tharo tse ikemetseng li bontšitse ntle ho pelaelo hore ts'ebeliso ea MiZax e na le phello e kholo sebopeho sa semela ka ho eketsa palo ea makala.Ha e le hantle, ho ne ho e-na le tšusumetso ea bohlokoa ea litsela tse peli pakeng tsa (T) le (Y) palo ea makala ka mor'a phekolo ea MiZax (setšoantšo sa 3).Sephetho sena se lumellana le mosebetsi oa bona e le balaoli ba fosahetseng ba strigolactone (SL) biosynthesis26.Ntle le moo, re kile ra bonts'a hore kalafo ea Zaxinone e baka ho bokellana ha starch metsong ea raese35, e ka hlalosang keketseho ea boholo le boima ba li-tubers tsa litapole kamora kalafo ea MiZax, kaha li-tubers li entsoe haholo ka starch.
Lijalo tsa litholoana ke limela tsa bohlokoa tsa moruo.Fragole e na le kutloelo-bohloko ho maemo a abiotic khatello ea maikutlo joalo ka komello le mocheso o phahameng.Ka hona, re ile ra batlisisa phello ea MiZax ho fragole ka ho fafatsa makhasi.Re fane ka MiZax pele ka bongata ba 10 µM ho lekola phello ea eona kholong ea fragola (Mokete oa khalthiba).Hoa thahasellisa hore re hlokometse hore MiZax3 e ekelitse haholo palo ea li-stolon, tse tsamaellanang le ho eketseha ha makala, ha MiZax5 e ntlafalitse sekhahla sa lipalesa, biomass ea limela, le sebaka sa makhasi tlas'a maemo a sethopo (Supplementary Figure S4), e fana ka maikutlo a hore metsoako ena e 'meli e ka fapana ka biologically.Liketsahalo 26,27.Ho utloisisa ka ho eketsehileng liphello tsa bona ho fragole tlas'a maemo a sebele a temo, re ile ra etsa liteko tsa tšimo ho sebelisa 5 le 10 μM MiZax ho limela tsa fragola (cv. Sweet Charlie) tse hōlileng mobung oa lehlabathe ka 2021 (sa feiga. S5A).Ha re bapisoa le GC, ha rea ​​ka ra bona keketseho ea limela tsa limela, empa re fumane mokhoa o lebisang ho eketseha ha palo ea litholoana (setšoantšo sa C6A-B).Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebeliso ea MiZax e entse hore ho be le keketseho e kholo ea boima ba tholoana e le 'ngoe' me ea supa ho itšetleha ka mahloriso (Setšoantšo sa Tlatsetso S5B; Setšoantšo sa Tlatsetso S6B), se bontšang tšusumetso ea balaoli bana ba kholo ea limela boleng ba litholoana tsa fragola ha bo sebelisoa tlas'a maemo a lehoatata.tshusumetso.
Ho utloisisa hore na phello ea kholiso ea kholo e itšetlehile ka mofuta oa semela, re khethile mefuta e 'meli ea fragola e rekisoang Saudi Arabia (Sweet Charlie le Mokete) mme ra etsa lithuto tse peli tsa masimo ka 2022 re sebelisa likhahla tse tlase tsa MiZax (2.5 le 5 µM).Bakeng sa Sweet Charlie, le hoja palo eohle ea litholoana e sa ka ea eketseha haholo, lihlahisoa tsa litholoana li ne li atisa ho phahama bakeng sa limela tse tšoaroang ka MiZax, 'me palo ea litholoana ka morero e ile ea eketseha ka mor'a phekolo ea MiZax3 (setšoantšo sa 4).Lintlha tsena li fana ka maikutlo a hore mesebetsi ea tlhaho ea MiZax3 le MiZax5 e ka fapana.Ho phaella moo, ka mor'a ho phekoloa ka Myzax, re bone ho eketseha ha boima bo hloekileng le bo omileng ba limela, hammoho le bolelele ba letlobo la limela.Mabapi le palo ea li-stolons le limela tse ncha, re fumane keketseho feela ho 5 μM MiZax (setšoantšo sa 4), e bontšang hore tšebelisano e nepahetseng ea MiZax e itšetlehile ka mefuta ea limela.
Phello ea MiZax holim'a sebopeho sa limela le lihlahisoa tsa fragola (Sweet Charlie mefuta e fapaneng) ho tloha masimong a KAU, e entsoeng ka 2022. Lintlha li emela ± ho kheloha ho tloaelehileng.n ≥ 15, empa palo ea litholoana ka morero e ne e baloa ka karolelano ho tloha ho limela tse 15 ho tloha libakeng tse tharo (n = 3).Tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo e entsoe ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea tsela e le 'ngoe ea phapang (ANOVA) le tlhahlobo ea post hoc ea Tukey kapa tlhahlobo ea t ea Moithuti e nang le mehatla e 'meli.Linaleli li bontša phapang e kholo ea lipalo ha e bapisoa le papiso (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, eseng ea bohlokoa).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Re boetse re hlokometse ts'ebetso e ts'oanang e susumetsang kholo mabapi le boima ba litholoana le biomass ea limela ka fragole ea mefuta e fapaneng ea Mokete (setšoantšo sa 5), ​​leha ho le joalo, ha rea ​​ka ra fumana phapang e kholo palo ea litholoana ka semela ka seng kapa setša (Feie. 5);.Hoa thahasellisa hore tšebeliso ea MiZax e ile ea eketsa bolelele ba semela le palo ea li-stolon, e bontšang hore litsamaiso tsena tsa ho hōla ha limela li ka sebelisoa ho ntlafatsa kholo ea lijalo tsa litholoana (setšoantšo sa 5).Ho feta moo, re ile ra lekanya likarolo tse 'maloa tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa biochemical ho utloisisa boleng ba litholoana tsa mefuta e 'meli e bokelletsoeng tšimong, empa ha rea ​​ka ra fumana phapang pakeng tsa liphekolo tsohle (Setšoantšo sa Tlatsetso S7; Setšoantšo sa Tlatsetso S8).
Phello ea MiZax holim'a sebopeho sa limela le lihlahisoa tsa fragola tšimong ea KAU (mefuta ea mokete), 2022. Lintlha li bolela ± ho kheloha ho tloaelehileng.n ≥ 15, empa palo ea litholoana ka morero e ne e baloa ka karolelano ho tloha ho limela tse 15 ho tloha libakeng tse tharo (n = 3).Tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo e entsoe ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea tsela e le 'ngoe ea phapang (ANOVA) le tlhahlobo ea post hoc ea Tukey kapa tlhahlobo ea t ea Moithuti e nang le mehatla e 'meli.Linaleli li bontša phapang e kholo ea lipalo ha e bapisoa le papiso (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, eseng ea bohlokoa).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Lithutong tsa rona tsa fragole, mesebetsi ea tlhaho ea MiZax3 le MiZax5 e ile ea fetoha e fapaneng.Re ile ra qala ka ho hlahloba liphello tsa phekolo (T) le selemo (Y) ho mofuta o le mong (Sweet Charlie) re sebelisa ANOVA ea litsela tse peli ho fumana tšebelisano ea bona (T x Y).Kahoo, GA e ne e se na phello ho khalthiba ea fragola (Sweet Charlie), athe 5 μM MiZax3 le MiZax5 li eketsehile haholo limela le litholoana tsa limela (setšoan. 6), e leng se bontšang hore litšebelisano tse peli tsa MiZax tse peli li tšoana haholo ho nts'etsopele ea fragola. .tlhahiso ea lijalo
Lekola liphello tsa phekolo ea 5 µM (T), selemo (Y) le tšebelisano ea bona (T x Y) ho fragole (cv. Sweet Charlie).Lintlha li emela moelelo ± kheloha e tloaelehileng.n ≥ 30. Tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo e ile ea etsoa ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea litsela tse peli tsa phapang (ANOVA).Linaleli li bontša phapang e kholo ea lipalo ha e bapisoa le papiso (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, eseng ea bohlokoa).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Ho feta moo, kaha ts'ebetso ea MiZax lijalong tsena tse peli e ne e fapane hanyane (setšoantšo sa 4; Setšoantšo sa 5), ​​re entse ANOVA ea ho bapisa kalafo (T) le mefuta e 'meli (C).Ntlha ea pele, ha ho phekolo e amang palo ea litholoana ka morero (setšoantšo sa 7), e bontšang hore ha ho na tšebelisano ea bohlokoa pakeng tsa (T x C) le ho fana ka maikutlo a hore MiZax kapa HA ha e na thuso ho palo eohle ea litholoana.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, MiZax (empa e seng HA) e ile ea eketsa boima ba semela haholo, boima ba litholoana, stolons le limela tse ncha (setšoantšo sa 7), e leng se bontšang hore MiZax3 le MiZax5 li khothalletsa haholo kholo ea mefuta e fapaneng ea limela tsa fragola.Ho latela mekhoa e 'meli ea ANOVA (T x Y) le (T x C), re ka fihlela qeto ea hore mesebetsi e khothalletsang kholo ea MiZax3 le MiZax5 tlas'a maemo a tšimo e tšoana haholo ebile e tsitsitse.
Tlhahlobo ea kalafo ea fragola ka 5 µM (T), mefuta e 'meli (C) le tšebelisano ea bona (T x C).Lintlha li emela moelelo ± kheloha e tloaelehileng.n ≥ 30, empa palo ea litholoana ka morero e ne e baloa ka karolelano ho tloha ho limela tse 15 ho tloha libakeng tse tharo (n = 6).Tlhahlobo ea lipalo-palo e entsoe ho sebelisoa tlhahlobo ea litsela tse peli tsa phapang (ANOVA).Linaleli li bontša phapang e kholo ea lipalo ha e bapisoa le papiso (*p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.0001; ns, eseng ea bohlokoa).HA - humic acid;MZ3, MiZax3, MiZax5;
Qetellong, re sebelisitse tlhahlobo ea likarolo tse ka sehloohong (PCA) ho hlahloba liphello tsa metsoako e sebelisoang ka litapole (T x Y) le fragole (T x C).Lipalo tsena li bontša hore phekolo ea HA e tšoana le acetone ka litapole kapa metsi a fragole (setšoantšo sa 8), e bontšang phello e batlang e le nyane e ntle ho kholo ea limela.Ho khahlisang, litlamorao tse akaretsang tsa MiZax3 le MiZax5 li bonts'itse kabo e tšoanang ea litapole (setšoantšo sa 8A), athe kabo ea metsoako ena e 'meli ho fragola e ne e fapane (setšoantšo sa 8B).Leha MiZax3 le MiZax5 li bonts'itse kabo e ntle haholo kholong ea limela le chai, tlhahlobo ea PCA e bonts'itse hore ts'ebetso ea taolo ea kholo e kanna ea itšetleha ka mefuta ea limela.
Principal component analysis (PCA) ea (A) litapole (T x Y) le (B) fragole (T x C).Fumana lintlha tsa lihlopha ka bobeli.Mohala o kopanyang karolo ka 'ngoe o lebisa bohareng ba sehlopha.
Ka bokhuts'oane, ho ipapisitsoe le lithuto tsa rona tse hlano tse ikemetseng tsa masimong a lijalo tse peli tsa boleng bo holimo 'me li tsamaellana le litlaleho tsa rona tsa pele ho tloha 2020 ho isa 202226,27, MiZax3 le MiZax5 li ts'episa balaoli ba kholo ea limela tse ka ntlafatsang kholo ea semela le chai., ho kenyeletsoa lijo-thollo, limela tse entsoeng ka lehong (date palema) le lijalo tsa litholoana tsa horticultural26,27.Le hoja mekhoa ea limolek'hule e ka nģ'ane ho mesebetsi ea bona ea likokoana-hloko e ntse e le thata, e na le monyetla o moholo oa ho sebelisoa tšimong.Habohlokoa ho tsohle, ha e bapisoa le humic acid, MiZax e sebelisoa ka bongata bo nyane haholo (micromolar kapa milligram level) mme litlamorao tse ntle li bonahala haholoanyane.Kahoo, re hakanya litekanyetso tsa MiZax3 ts'ebelisong e ngoe le e ngoe (ho tloha tlase ho isa ho tse phahameng): 3, 6 kapa 12 g/ha, le litekanyetso tsa MiZx5: 4, 7 kapa 13 g/ha, e leng se etsang hore PGR ena e be molemo ho ntlafatsa chai ea lijalo. .Hoa khoneha.


Nako ea poso: Jul-29-2024