Ketane ea indasteri ea lihlahisoa tsa tšireletso ea limela e ka aroloa ka lihokelo tse 'nè: "lisebelisoa tse tala - li-intermediate - lithethefatsi tsa pele - litokisetso".Holimo ke indasteri ea peterole/lik'hemik'hale, e fanang ka lisebelisoa tse tala bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa ts'ireletso ea limela, haholo-holo lisebelisoa tse tala tsa lik'hemik'hale tse kang phosphorus e mosehla le chlorine e metsi, le lisebelisoa tsa motheo tsa lik'hemik'hale tse kang methanol le "tribenzene".
Indasteri ea mahareng haholo-holo e kenyelletsa lithethefatsi tse mahareng le tse sebetsang.Li-intermediates ke motheo oa tlhahiso ea lithethefatsi tse sebetsang, 'me lithethefatsi tse fapaneng tse sebetsang li hloka li-intermediate tse fapaneng ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso, tse ka aroloa ka li-intermediates tse nang le fluorine, li-intermediate tse nang le cyano le li-intermediates tsa heterocyclic.Sethethefatsi sa pele ke sehlahisoa sa ho qetela se entsoeng ka metsoako e sebetsang le litšila tse fumanoang nakong ea tlhahiso ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana.Ho ea ka ntho ea taolo, e ka aroloa ka li-herbicides, likokoanyana, li-fungicides joalo-joalo.
Liindasteri tse tlase haholo li koahela lihlahisoa tsa meriana.Ka lebaka la ho insoluble ka metsing le lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa metsoako e sebetsang, boholo ba lithethefatsi tse sebetsang li ke ke tsa sebelisoa ka ho toba, li hloka ho eketsa li-additives tse loketseng (tse kang li-solvents, emulsifiers, dispersants, joalo-joalo) temong, merung, temong ea liphoofolo, bophelo bo botle le mafapheng a mang.
01Boemo ba nts'etsopele ea 'maraka oa lipakeng tsa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana Chaena
Sebolaea likokoanyanaIndasteri ea lipakeng e bohareng ba ketane ea indasteri ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, lik'hamphani tsa linaha tse ngata li laola lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele le liteishene tsa thekiso ea litokiso tsa li-terminal, boholo ba li-intermediates le baemeli ba mafolofolo ba khetha ho reka ho tsoa China, India le linaheng tse ling, China. 'me India e fetohile libaka tse ka sehloohong tsa tlhahiso ea li-intermediate tsa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana le li-agents tse sebetsang lefatšeng.
Sehlahisoa sa ba lipakeng tsa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana naheng ea Chaena se bolokile sekhahla se tlase sa kholo, ka sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa 1.4% ho tloha 2014 ho isa 2023. Likhoebo tsa China tsa lipakeng tsa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana li angoa haholo ke leano lena, 'me sekhahla sa tšebeliso ea matla ka kakaretso se tlase.Mehaho ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana e hlahisoang Chaena e ka khona ho fihlela litlhoko tsa indasteri ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, empa tse ling tse lipakeng li ntse li hloka ho romelloa kantle ho naha.Tse ling tsa tsona li hlahisoa Chaena, empa bongata kapa boleng bo ke ke ba finyella litlhoko tsa tlhahiso;Karolo e 'ngoe ea Chaena ha e e-s'o khone ho hlahisa.
Ho tloha ka 2017, tlhoko ea li-intermediate tsa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana naheng ea China e theohile haholo, mme ho theoha ha boholo ba mmaraka ho tlase ho feta ho fokotseha ha tlhokeho.Haholo-holo ka lebaka la ts'ebetsong ea ketso ea kholo ea lefela ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana le manyolo, palo ea tšebeliso ea meriana e bolaeang likokoanyana le tlhahiso ea meriana e tala Chaena e fokotsehile haholo, 'me tlhokahalo ea li-interface tsa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana le eona e fokotsehile haholo.Ka nako e ts'oanang, e anngoeng ke lithibelo tsa ts'ireletso ea tikoloho, theko ea 'maraka ea batho ba bangata ba chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana e ile ea phahama ka potlako ka selemo sa 2017, ea etsa hore boholo ba mmaraka oa indasteri bo tsitsitse,' me theko ea 'maraka e ile ea theoha butle-butle ho tloha 2018 ho ea ho 2019 ha phepelo e khutlela ho tloaelehileng.Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, ho tloha ka 2022, boholo ba 'maraka oa China oa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana e ka ba li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 68.78,' me theko ea 'maraka e ka bang 17,500 yuan/ton.
02Boemo ba nts'etsopele ea 'maraka oa ho lokisa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana Chaena
Kabo ea phaello ea ketane ea indasteri ea chefo e hlahisa litšobotsi tsa "smile curve": li-account tsa 50%, li-intermediates 20%, lithethefatsi tsa mantlha 15%, lits'ebeletso 15%, le thekiso ea litokisetso tsa ho qetela ke khokahano ea mantlha ea phaello, e lutseng maemong a felletseng. kabo ea phaello ea ketane ea indasteri ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana.Ha ho bapisoa le tlhahiso ea meriana ea pele, e totobatsang theknoloji ea maiketsetso le taolo ea litšenyehelo, litokisetso li haufi le 'maraka oa ho qetela,' me bokhoni ba khoebo bo pharaletseng haholoanyane.
Ntle le lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea thekenoloji, lefapha la litokisetso le boetse le totobatsa liteishene le kaho ea brand, tšebeletso ea ka mor'a thekiso, le litekanyo tse fapaneng tsa tlholisano le boleng bo phahameng bo ekelitsoeng.Ka lebaka la ts'ebetsong ea ketso ea kholo ea zero ea chefo le manyolo, tlhokahalo ea litokisetso tsa meriana e bolaeang likokoanyana Chaena e 'nile ea tsoela pele ho fokotseha, e amang ka ho toba boholo ba mmaraka le lebelo la nts'etsopele ea indasteri.Hajoale, tlhokeho e ntseng e fokotseha ea Chaena e lebisitse bothateng bo hlahelletseng ba ho se sebetse ho feteletseng, e leng ho matlafalitseng tlholisano ea mebaraka le ho ama phaello ea likhoebo le nts'etsopele ea indasteri.
Palo ea thepa ea kantle ea China le palo ea litokisetso tsa chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana li phahame haholo ho feta tse tsoang kantle ho naha, 'me li etsa phaello ea khoebo.Ho tloha ka 2020 ho isa ho 2022, ho romelloa ka ntle ha litokisetso tsa China ho tla lokisa, ho ikamahanya le maemo le ho ntlafala ho tloha holimo le tlase.Ka 2023, palo ea litokiso tsa China ea ho kenya chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana e ne e le lidolara tse limilione tse 974, keketseho ea 1.94% ka nako e ts'oanang selemong se fetileng, mme linaha tse tsoang kantle ho naha e ne e le Indonesia, Japane le Jeremane.Thepa e tsoang kantle e fihlile ho $8.087 bilione, e theohile ka 27.21% selemo le selemo, 'me libaka tse kholo tsa thomello ke Brazil (18.3%), Australia le United States.70% -80% ea tlhahiso ea chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana ea Chaena e romelloa kantle ho naha, thepa e rekisoang 'marakeng oa machaba e lokela ho chesoa,' me theko ea lihlahisoa tse bolaeang likokoanyana e theohile haholo, e leng lebaka le ka sehloohong la ho theoha ha palo ea thepa e rekisoang kantle ho naha. 2023.
Nako ea poso: Jul-22-2024