Ho ntlafatsa boleng ba litholoana ha ka nako e ts'oanang ho boloka maemo a tloaelehilengkholo ea limelaesale e le phephetso e kholo temong. Phuputso e ncha e fana ka maikutlo a hore ho fihlela tekano ena ho ka ba bonolo ho feta kamoo ho neng ho nahanoa pele. Bo-rasaense ba sibolotse hore ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea "gene e hloekileng" e bolokiloeng ho ka ntlafatsa boleng ba phepo le thepa ea organoleptic ea litholoana ka nako e le 'ngoe. Ka ho ntlafatsa tlhahiso ea gene e amanang le tRNA, sehlopha sa lipatlisiso se ekelitse maemo a anthocyanins le terpenoids - metsoako e susumetsang 'mala, monko le thepa ea antioxidant ea litholoana. Lintlafatso tsena ha lia ka tsa ba le phello e ka lekanngoang nts'etsopele ea limela, boholo ba litholoana, kapa litaba tsa tsoekere. Liphetho li senola karolo e sa lebelloang bakeng sa liphatsa tsa lefutso tse atisang ho amahanngoa le ts'ebetso ea mantlha ea sele, e bontšang hore li ka boela tsa susumetsa litšobotsi tsa bohlokoa tsa metabolism ea litholoana.
Li-anthocyanins le li-terpenoid li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa 'mala, tatso, monko le boleng ba phepo ea litholoana ka kakaretso. Leha ho le joalo, boiteko ba ho eketsa litaba tsa metsoako ena hangata bo lebisa litla-morao tse sa rateheng. Lebaka ke hobane tlhahiso ea tsona e amana haufi-ufi le lihormone tsa limela. Mohlala, li-cytokinins li laola kholo ea limela le metabolism ea bobeli, kahoo ho fetola maemo a tsona ho ka fetola sebopeho le litšobotsi tsa kholo ea limela.
Sehlopha se sa tsejoeng haholo sa liphatsa tsa lefutso tse amanang le cytokinin—li-transferase tsa mofuta oa tRNA—li fumane tlhokomelo e fokolang haholo. Liphatsa tsena tsa lefutso ho nahanoa hore li etsa mesebetsi ea kamehla ea sele ho fapana le ho laola litšobotsi tsa limela ka mafolofolo. Hore na li ka ntlafatsa boleng ba litholoana ntle le ho ama kholo ea limela ho ntse ho sa hlaka, e leng se etsang hore li tšoanelehe ho ithutoa haholoanyane.
Bafuputsi ba tsoang Univesithing ea Temo ea Nanjing le Univesithing ea Connecticut ba phatlalalitse pampiri koranteng ea *Horticultural Research*, ba hlahloba monyetla ona ba sebelisa fragole tsa naha e le mohlala. Ba ile ba shebana le jini ea tlhokomelo ea ntlo e bitsoang FveIPT2. Ka ho fetola liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa limela ho eketsa boemo ba tlhahiso ea jini ena, ba bone ntlafatso e kholo boleng ba litholoana.
Limela tse fetotseng liphatsa tsa lefutso li bontšitse maemo a holimo haholo a li-anthocyanins le li-terpenoid litholoanang tse hōlileng tsebong ha li bapisoa le limela tsa mofuta oa naha, empa ha lia ka tsa bontša phapang ea kholo, boholo ba litholoana, kapa tsoekere. Tšibollo ena e phephetsa tumelo e bileng teng ka nako e telele ea hore liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa tlhokomelo ea ntlo li bapala karolo e sa sebetseng feela 'me e totobatsa bokhoni ba tsona bo boholo ba ntlafatso ea lijalo.
Jini ea FveIPT2 e ameha phetohong ea tRNA 'me e amahanngoa le tlhahiso ea cis-zeatin (cytokinin). Ho fapana le liphatsa tse ling tse amanang le cytokinin, tse nang le tšusumetso e kholo kholong ea limela, keketseho ea ts'ebetso ea FveIPT2 e baka liphetoho tse nyane feela maemong a cytokinin ka kakaretso. Nts'etsopele ea limela e tsoela pele ka tloaelo, ntle le lintho tse sa tloaelehang tse totobetseng. Lipalesa le litholoana li etsahala kamoo ho neng ho lebelletsoe, ntle le liphetoho boima ba litholoana, sebopeho, kapa monate.
Ho sa tsotellehe kgolo e tsitsitseng ya dimela, sebopeho sa dikhemikhale tsa ditholwana se bile le diphetoho tse kgolo. Maemo a di-anthocyanins, di-flavonoid, le metsoako ya phenolic a ile a eketseha, e leng se ileng sa fella ka mmala o mofubedu o matla haholo. Tlhahlobo e qaqileng e senotse keketseho e kgolo maemong a di-anthocyanins tse robong tse ikgethang, ho kenyeletswa le metsoako e tswang ho cyanidin le pelargonidin, tse tsejwang ka thepa ya tsona ya antioxidant.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, dikahare tsa hoo e ka bang halofo ya metsoako ya terpenoid e fumanweng di ile tsa eketseha. Metswako ena ya terpenoid e kenyeletsa monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, le triterpenes, tse bapalang karolo ya bohlokwa monkong le tatsong.
Liphetoho tsena ha li felle feela likarolong tsa 'mala le tsa phepo. Maemo a metsoako e nkhang hamonate e amanang le monko o monate oa lipalesa, joalo ka linalool, a eketsehile. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, maemo a metsoako e amanang le menko e bohale le e nang le resin a fokotsehile. Lithuto tsa tlhahiso ea liphatsa tsa lefutso li tiisitse hore litsela tsa bohlokoa tse ikarabellang bakeng sa tlhahiso le ho tsamaisoa ha metsoako ena li bile mafolofolo haholoanyane.
Ha li kopanngoa, liphetho tsena li bontša hore FveIPT2 e ka ntlafatsa k'hemistri ea litholoana ka khetho ntle le ho baka liphetoho tse tloaelehileng tsa lihormone tse amang kholo.
Bafuputsi ba hlokometse, “Phuputso ena e bontša hore seo re atisang ho se bitsa ‘lijini tsa tlhokomelo ea ntlo’ se ka ba le liphello tse ikhethang le tse bohlokoa ka mokhoa o makatsang. Ka ho shebana le liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa mofuta oa tRNA ho fapana le balaoli ba lihormone ba setso, re khonne ho ntlafatsa 'mala oa litholoana, tatso le motsoako oa phepo ntle le ho ama kholo, athe boenjiniere ba metabolism hangata bo na le litlamorao tse mpe kholong. Liphetho tsena li bontša hore litsela tsa motheo tsa sele li ka susumetsa boleng ba litholoana ka mokhoa o poteletseng, tsa fa bahlahisi lisebelisoa tse ncha tse sebetsang hantle le tse bonolo.”
Liphetho li bontša hore FveIPT2 ke mokhoa o tšepisang le o sebetsang oa ho ntlafatsa boleng ba litholoana tsa fragole le lijalo tse ling tsa temo. Hobane mokhoa ona o eketsa litaba tsa mebala e molemo le metsoako e nkhang hamonate ntle le ho fokotsa chai kapa ho phela hantle ha limela, o bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho lema lihlahisoa tsa temo tsa boleng bo holimo.
Ka kakaretso, phuputso ena e phephetsa khopolo ea hore liphatsa tsa lefutso tsa tlhokomelo ea ntlo li ameha feela lits'ebetsong tse tloaelehileng tsa sele. Ka ho khetholla tšusumetso ea tsona metabolism ea bobeli, phuputso e fana ka maikutlo a macha a ho eketsa chai ea lijalo ha ka nako e ts'oanang e boloka boleng.
Sengoloa sena se fanoe ke Academy of Sciences ea Nanjing Agricultural University. Hlokomela: Dikahare di ka hloka ho hlophisoa ka lebaka la ditlhoko tsa ho hlophisa le bolelele.
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Nako ea poso: Mots'eanong-08-2026
