Haufinyane tjena, Lekhotla la Naha le ntshitse "Moralo oa Ketso ea Khatello ea Khabone bakeng sa Nako ea Morero oa Lilemo tse Hlano oa bo-15" (oo ho tloha mona o tla bitsoa "Moralo oa Ketso"), o etsa litokisetso tsa mosebetsi oa tlhoro ea khabone nakong ea Morero oa Lilemo tse Hlano oa bo-15.
“Moralo oa Ketso” o bolela hore ka 2030, khabone e ntšang moea e tsoang Chaena ka yuniti ea GDP e tla fokotseha ka 17% ha e bapisoa le 2025, 'me karolo ea tšebeliso ea matla a seng a mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale e tla fihla ho 25%.Sena se tla netefatsa hore sepheo sa tlhoro ea khabone se fihlelleha ka nako, se behe motheo o tiileng oa ho fihlela lipheo tsa naha tsa boitlamo ka 2035 le ho khothaletsa ho se nke lehlakore ha khabone.
"Moralo oa Ketso" o hlophisitse mesebetsi e mehlano ea bohlokoa. Ea pele, o ikemiselitse ho potlakisa ntlafatso ea sebopeho sa matla le ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea matla a seng a mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale, ho ntlafatsa bokhoni ba sistimi ea motlakase ho amohela matla a macha, ho khothaletsa ka matla ho nkeloa sebaka ha tšebeliso ea mashala ka mokhoa o hloekileng, le ho ntlafatsa sebopeho sa tšebeliso ea oli le khase ka linako tsohle. Ea bobeli, o shebana le ho khothaletsa phetoho e tala le e nang le khabone e tlase ea liindasteri, ho khothaletsa phetoho e tala le e nang le khabone e tlase ea sebopeho sa indasteri, ho etsa paballo ea matla le ntlafatso ea phokotso ea khabone liindastering tsa setso, ho potlakisa kaho ea lirapa tsa zero-carbon le lifeme tsa zero-carbon, ho khothaletsa phetoho e tala le e nang le khabone e tlase ea lits'ebeletso tsa k'homphieutha, le ho sebelisa karolo ea moruo o chitja ho fokotsa mesi e hlahisoang ke khabone.Sa boraro, e tebisa phetoho e tala le e nang le khabone e tlase libakeng tsa bohlokoa,ho kgothaletsa paballo ya eneji le phokotso ya khabone lefapheng la kaho le ditheong tsa setjhaba, ho potlakisa phetoho ya khabone e tlase lefapheng la dipalangwang, le ho kopanya le ho ntlafatsa bokgoni ba ho teba ha khabone dibakeng tse phelang. Sa bone, e matlafatsa tshehetso le ditiisetso, ho ntlafatsa moralo wa molao le taolo, ho ntlafatsa dipalopalo tsa kgase ya khabone le tsamaiso ya diakhaonto, ho matlafatsa tshehetso ya saense le theknoloji le temo ya talenta, ho ntlafatsa tshehetso ya ditjhelete, ho ntlafatsa maano a ditheko, le ho theha mekgwa ya mmaraka. Sa bohlano, e kopanya boiteko bohle ba mahlakore, ho hlakisa boikarabelo ba lehae, ho qala diketso tsa setjhaba tse tala le tse tlase tsa khabone, le ho tebisa tshebedisano-mmoho ya matjhaba e tala le e tlase ya khabone.
"Moralo oa Ketso" o boetse o hlalosa letoto la merero ea bohlokoa, ho kenyeletsoa le thuso ea motlakase oa liprofinse tse fapaneng, ho nkeloa sebaka ha tšebeliso ea mashala ka mokhoa o hloekileng, paballo ea matla le phokotso ea khabone liindastering tsa bohlokoa, ho futhumatsa le ho pholisa khabone e tlase le khabone e se nang khabone, kaho ea litsela tsa lipalangoang tse se nang khabone, le ntlafatso ea bokhoni ba motheo bakeng sa tlhoro ea khabone le ho se nke lehlakore ha khabone.
Morero oa Ketso ea Khatello ea Khabone ea "15-15"
Nako ea "Morero oa Lilemo tse Hlano oa bo-14" ke mohato oa bohlokoa le o phephetsang bakeng sa ho fihlela tlhoro ea khabone. E le ho kenya tšebetsong liqeto le litokisetso tsa Komiti e Bohareng ea Mokha oa Bokomonisi oa Chaena le Lekhotla la Naha, le ho khothaletsa le ho fihlela tlhoro ea khabone ka mafolofolo le ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng, hammoho le ho potlakisa phetoho e felletseng ea botala ea nts'etsopele ea moruo le ea sechaba, ho latela litlhoko tse amehang tse kang Khoutu ea Molao oa Tšireletso ea Tikoloho le "Mehato e Felletseng ea Tlhahlobo le Tlhahlobo bakeng sa Tlhoro ea Khabone le ho se Nke Lehlakore ha Khabone", morero ona o se o hlophisitsoe.
I. Ho Potlakisa Ntlafatso ea Sebopeho sa Matla
(1) Khothalletsa ka matla nts'etsopele ea matla a seng a mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale. Khomarela motsoako oa matla a mangata oa moea, letsatsi, metsi le matla a nyutlelie, 'me u ntlafatse matla a macha ka matla a eketsehileng. Hokahanya moralo oa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso 'me u netefatse ts'ebeliso le ts'ebeliso. Atolosa phepelo e sebetsang ea matla a seng a mesaletsa ea lintho tsa khale. Haha metheo ea matla a hloekileng joalo ka matla a moea le a photovoltaic "Leboea-bophirima le Leboea-bochabela", kopanyo ea metsi le moea le letsatsi ka boroa-bophirima, matla a nyutlelie a lebopong, le matla a moea a lebopong. Ntlafatsa ka mafolofolo matla a moea a photovoltaic le a sa aroloang ka thoko, khothaletsa nts'etsopele e kholo ea matla a letsatsi a kopaneng, tlhahiso ea matla a leoatle, 'me u sebelise matla a biomass le matla a geothermal ho latela maemo a lehae. Beha le ho haha metheo e kopaneng ea moea, letsatsi, haeterojene, ammonia le joala. Potlakisa tšebeliso e ncha ea motlakase ka motlakase o mocha oa matla a hloekileng. Ka selemo sa 2030, bokgoni bohle ba matla a moya le a letsatsi bo kentsweng bo tla fihla ho di-kilowatt tse fetang dibilione tse 2.8, bokgoni ba motlakase wa metsi o tlwaelehileng bo tla fihla ho di-kilowatt tse ka bang dimilione tse 410, mme bokgoni ba ho sebetsa ba matla a nyutlelie bo tla fihla ho di-kilowatt tse ka bang dimilione tse 110.
(2) Potlakisa ntlafatso ea bokhoni ba sistimi ea motlakase ba ho amohela matla a macha. Ikamahanye le mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea matla a macha, matlafatsa bokhoni ba sistimi ea motlakase ba ho amohela, ho hlophisa le ho laola matla a macha. Ntlafatsa phetiso ea liprofinse tse tšelang le tse tšelang libaka le bokhoni ba thuso e tlatsetsang le e kopanetsoeng, potlakisa kaho ea liteishene tsa phetiso ea motlakase o phahameng haholo, eketsa bokhoni ba phetiso ea motlakase ho tloha bophirima ho ea bochabela ka li-kilowatt tse fetang limilione tse 80, 'me u khothaletse ka matla kaho ea merero ea thuso ea motlakase lipakeng tsa liprofinse. Tšehetsa tšebeliso ea matla a macha sebakeng seo, nts'etsapele ka mafolofolo khokahano e tobileng ea matla a matala, le phihlello e haufi ea matla a macha ho marang-rang a kabo e eketsehileng, khothaletsa nts'etsopele e kopaneng ea mohloli, gridi, mojaro le polokelo. Atolosa ka ho tsoelang pele boholo ba mehloli ea tokiso tsamaisong ea motlakase, khomarela bohlokoa ba tikoloho, tataiso ea tlhoko, le moralo o ntlafalitsoeng, 'me u phethe kaho ea liteishene tsa motlakase tsa polokelo tse pompetsoeng ho latela maemo a lehae; khothaletsa nts'etsopele e kholo ea polokelo e ncha ea matla; hlahloba monyetla oa taolo ea lehlakore la tlhoko, potlakisa nts'etsopele ea limela tsa motlakase tse sebetsang, 'me u khothaletse ho kenya letsoho ha mehloli e fapaneng e hasaneng joalo ka meroalo e fetoloang taolong ea sistimi. Butle-butle hlakisa sepheo sa bonyane ba tshebediso ya eneji e ntjhafatswang bakeng sa diindasteri tsa bohlokwa tse jang eneji. Ka 2030, bokgoni bo kentsweng ba diteishene tsa motlakase tse pompetsweng bo tla fihla ho di-kilowatt tse ka bang dimilione tse 160, bokgoni bo kentsweng ba polokelo e ntjha ya eneji bo tla leka ho fihla ho di-kilowatt tse dimilione tse 300, bokgoni bo boholo ba taolo ya setsi sa motlakase sa naha se sebetsang ka inthanete bo tla fihla ho di-kilowatt tse fetang dimilione tse 50, mme bokgoni ba karabelo ya tlhokeho ya motlakase bo tla fihla ho 5% ya mojaro o moholo wa motlakase.
(3) Ho kgothaletsa ka botebo ho nkela sebaka se hlwekileng sa tshebediso ya mashala sebaka. Laola bokgoni bo kentsweng le tlhahiso ya matla a dimela tsa motlakase tse sebedisang mashala ka nepo, ho kgothaletsa phetoho ya dimela tsa motlakase tse sebedisang mashala ho tshehetsa le ho laola mehlodi ya matla, le ho tshehetsa kopanyo ya matla a sebedisang mashala le matla a matjha. Ho etsa phetoho ya diyuniti tsa motlakase tse sebedisang mashala ka khabone e tlase, ho etsa phetoho ya ho arola diyuniti tsa motlakase tse sebedisang mocheso dibakeng tse ka leboya tlasa mohopolo wa ho se ame ho futhumatsa, ho tshehetsa kaho ya dibaka tsa polokelo ya mocheso dimela tsa motlakase tse sebedisang motlakase. Matlafatsa dipatlisiso le ntshetsopele le tshebediso ya diyuniti tsa motlakase tse sebedisang mashala tse sebetsang hantle le tse bolokang matla le disebediswa tsa tsona tse thusang. Ka molao le ho ya ka melawana, fedisa ka botlalo le ho kwala diyuniti tsa motlakase tse sebedisang mashala (ho kenyeletswa le diyuniti tse ikemetseng) tse sa fihlelleng tshireletso ya tikoloho, tshebediso ya matla, tshebediso ya mashala, polokeho le ditlhoko tsa dilemo. Ho kgothaletsa ka mafolofolo diyuniti tsa motlakase tse sebedisang mashala ho nka karolo ho beoleng ha gridi ya tlhoro. Ho kgothaletsa phetoho ya carbon e tlase ya indasteri ya dikhemikhale tsa mashala, ho fokotsa tshebediso ya mashala le ho ntsha carbon ka yuniti ka sehlahisoa, le ho tshehetsa ntshetsopele ya ho kopanya diporojeke tsa dikhemikhale tsa mashala ka motlakase o motala le haeterojene e tala. Khothaletsa ka matla ho nkeloa sebaka ha liboiler tse besitsoeng ka mashala le lionto tsa indasteri tse besitsoeng ka mashala ka mokhoa o hloekileng, felisa ka ho feletseng liboiler tse besitsoeng ka mashala tse nang le bokhoni ba lithane tse 10 ka hora kapa ka tlase ho moo, 'me butle-butle u nke sebaka sa liboiler tse nyane le tse mahareng tse besitsoeng ka mashala liindastering tse fapaneng. "Khoebo e le 'ngoe, leano le le leng" le khothalletsa ho kenngoa tšebetsong ha merero ea phokotso ea tšebeliso ea mashala le phokotso bakeng sa likhoebo tse sebelisang mashala. Tšehetsa libaka tse tšoanelehang ho kenya tšebetsong tšebeliso e lekanang kapa e fokotsehileng ea mashala bakeng sa merero e mecha e seng "e 'meli e phahameng".
(4) Ntlafatsa sebopeho sa tshebediso ya oli le khase ka ho tswela pele. Kgothaletsa ka mafolofolo tshebediso ya mafura a matala a kang hydrogen ammonia alcohol e tala, bio-diesel, le mafura a difofane a tsitsitseng. Kgothaletsa ho nkelwa sebaka ha tshebediso ya oli ya dikhemikhale, hlahloba tshebediso ya hydrogen ammonia alcohol e tala indastering ya dikhemikhale, mme o kgothaletse butle-butle ho nkelwa sebaka ha oli ya motlakase wa diindasteri le tshebediso ya mocheso. Tataisa kgolo ya tshebediso ya khase ya tlhaho hore e dule e le maemong a loketseng, etelletsa pele ho netefatsa phepelo ya khase ya malapeng, tataisa tshebediso ya khase ya diindasteri le dikgwebo tsa bohlokwa ka ho loketseng, mme o hahe ditsi tsa motlakase tse phahamisang kgase ya tlhaho ho latela maemo a lehae. Matlafatsa paballo ya mehlodi ya oli le khase dikgokelong tsohle tsa tlhahiso le tshebediso, ntlafatsa bokgoni ba tshebediso ya mehlodi ya oli le khase.
II. Ho Khothaletsa Nts'etsopele ea Liindasteri tse Tala le tse Nang le Khabone e Tlase
(5) Khothaletsa phetoho ea sebopeho sa indasteri e tala le e nang le khabone e tlase. Ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng le o hlophisehileng, etsa tharollo ea likhohlano tsa sebopeho liindastering tsa bohlokoa, 'me ka molao le ho latela melaoana, felisa bokhoni ba tlhahiso le lisebelisoa tse sa sebetseng hantle le tse sa sebetseng hantle. Matlafatsa tsamaiso e tloaelehileng ea bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea samente. Laola ka katleho merero ea "tšebeliso e phahameng ea matla le tšilafalo e phahameng", matlafatsa taolo ea mohloli, etsa tlhahlobo le tlhahlobo ea paballo ea matla le phokotso ea khabone ka tieo, 'me u kenye tšebetsong litlhoko tsa tekanyo ea khabone e lekanang kapa ho nkeloa sebaka ha merero e mecha ea indasteri (ntlafatso, katoloso) ea "tšebeliso e phahameng ea matla le tšilafalo e phahameng". Potlakisa nts'etsopele ea matla a matala, tlhahiso e tala, le lits'ebeletso tse tala le liindasteri tse ling tse tala le tse nang le khabone e tlase, u ntlafatse melemo ea tlholisano ea matla a macha, likoloi tse ncha tsa matla, matla a betri, jj., 'me u leme liindasteri tsa haedrojene, mafura a matala, jj. Tšehetsa nts'etsopele ea liindasteri tsa litšebeletso tsa tsamaiso ea khabone, khothaletsa mehlala ea puso ea motho oa boraro joalo ka taolo ea matla a konteraka, 'me u khothaletse ts'ebeliso ea mahlale a dijithale le a bohlale nts'etsopele ea tala le e nang le khabone e tlase.
(6) Etsa ntlafatso ea paballo ea matla le phokotso ea khabone liindastering tsa setso. Tsepamisa maikutlo holim'a lisebelisoa tse ka sehloohong tse sebelisang matla, lisebelisoa le lits'ebetso liindastering tsa bohlokoa, kenya tšebetsong ka botlalo ntlafatso ea paballo ea matla le phokotso ea khabone, khothaletsa ka matla ts'ebeliso ea mahlale le lisebelisoa tse bolokang matla le tse nang le khabone e tlase, matlafatsa boqapi ba lits'ebetso tsa khabone e tlase le phetoho ea dijithale, 'me u ntlafatse ka katleho ts'ebeliso ea matla le mehloli le ho fokotsa maemo a ho ntšoa ha khabone. Matlafatsa tlhokomelo ea paballo ea matla, ntlafatsa mokhoa oa ho hlahloba ts'ebetso ea matla masimong a bohlokoa. Nakong ea "Morero oa Lilemo tse Hlano oa bo-14", tlhahiso ea khabone ea diokside ka yuniti ea boleng bo ekelitsoeng ba indasteri ea liindasteri tse kholo e tla fokotsoa ka ho feta 17%, ts'ebeliso ea matla ka yuniti ea boleng bo ekelitsoeng ba indasteri e tla fokotsoa ka ho feta 10%, ts'ebeliso ea matla ka yuniti ea GDP e tla fokotsoa ka hoo e ka bang 10%, 'me bokhoni ba ho boloka matla ba lithane tse fetang limilione tse 150 tsa mashala a tloaelehileng bo tla finyelloa ka paballo ea matla le ntlafatso ea phokotso ea khabone liindastering tsa bohlokoa.
(7) Potlakisa kaho ea lirapa tsa lefela-khabone le lifeme tsa lefela-khabone. Maemo a holimo a khothalletsa kaho ea lirapa tsa naha tsa lefela-khabone, a fana ka litataiso bakeng sa kaho ea lirapa tsa lefela-khabone, a tšehetsa libaka ho etsa ntlafatso ea lirapa tsa lefela-khabone tse tlase le tse se nang khabone ho latela maemo a lehae. Tataisa merero e mecha ea ho beha lihlopha tsa lirapa tsa lefela-khabone pele, a potlakisa ho thehoa ha lihlopha tsa indasteri tsa "tlhahiso e tala e thehiloeng holim'a tse tala", a khothaletse meroalo e teng lirapa tsa lefela-khabone ho hokela motlakase o motala ka kotloloho, a tšehetse ts'ebeliso ea mahlale a macha le a futhumatsang a lefela-khabone le mehlala e mecha. A khothaletse ka matla kaho ea lifeme tsa lefela-khabone, a tšehetse likhoebo tse tšoanelehang tsa indasteri ho etsa khokahano e tobileng ea motlakase o motala, a khothaletse ka kopanelo kaho le ts'ebeliso ea li-grid tse nyane tse tala tsa indasteri, matla a dijithale le litsi tsa taolo ea khabone, 'me a loanele ho ntlafatsa boemo ba ts'ebeliso ea matla a nchafatsoang sebakeng seo. Nakong ea "Morero oa Lilemo tse Hlano oa bo-14", lirapa tsa naha tse ka bang 100 tsa lefela-khabone le lifeme tse 500 tse se nang khabone li tla hahoa.
(8) Ho kgothaletsa phetoho e tala le e nang le khabone e tlase ya disebediswa tsa khomphutha. Matlafatsa moralo o hokahantsweng wa disebediswa tsa khomphutha ka matla a ntjhafatswang, ho tshehetsa phepelo ya motlakase o motala, ho lokisa polokelo ya matla ka tsela e utlwahalang, mehlodi ya motlakase ya bekapo le disebediswa tse ding tse tshehetsang, ho kgothaletsa tshebediso e ka sehloohong ya motlakase wa matla a seng a mesaletsa ya kgale bakeng sa disebediswa tsa khomphutha tse sa tswa hahuwa. Ho ntlafatsa maemo a paballo ya matla le phokotso ya khabone bakeng sa disebediswa tsa khomphutha, ho kgothaletsa paballo ya matla le ntjhafatso ya phokotso ya khabone ya disebediswa tsa khomphutha tse sa lateleng melao, ho fedisa ka tatellano mahlale le disebediswa tse sa sebetseng hantle, le ho ntlafatsa boemo ba bokgoni ba matla ba disebediswa tsa khomphutha. Ho potlakisa kaho ya disebediswa tsa khomphutha tse motala, ho kgothaletsa kaho ya disebediswa tsa khomphutha tse se nang khabone.
(9) Bapala karolo ea moruo o chitja ho fokotseng mesi e ntšang khabone. Khothaletsa ka matla mohlala oa tlhahiso ea mohloli o chitja, matlafatsa tšebeliso e felletseng ea litšila, tšebeliso ea matla a phallang, le ho sebelisoa hape ha mehloli ea metsi, 'me u khothaletse tšebeliso ea mehloli ea metsi a litšila, khase e litšila, mokelikeli o litšila le masala a litšila. Potlakisa ntlafatso ea marang-rang a ho sebelisa hape litšila, khothaletsa mohlala oa ho sebelisa hape oa "Internet +", 'me u nolofatse liteishene tsa "phapanyetsano + ho sebelisa hape". Matlafatsa tšebeliso e tloaelehileng ea ho sebelisa hape le ho ntlafatsa lihlahisoa tsa motlakase le tsa elektroniki tse litšila, libeteri tsa litšila, lisebelisoa tsa moea le tsa photovoltaic tse seng li sa sebetse, likoloi tse lahliloeng, le mechini ea temo e lahliloeng, atolosa liteishene bakeng sa tšebeliso e felletseng ea litšila tse tiileng tse kang molora o fofang, gangue ea mashala, masala a temo le manyolo a liphoofolo, potlakisa ts'ebeliso ea mahlale a macha le a futhumatsang a nang le khabone e tlase le mehlala e mecha. Khothaletsa ka matla kaho ea lifeme tsa zero-carbon, tšehetsa likhoebo tse tšoanelehang tsa indasteri ho etsa khokahano e tobileng ea motlakase o tala, ka tšebelisano-'moho ho khothaletsa kaho le ts'ebeliso ea li-grid tse nyane tse tala tsa indasteri, litsi tsa taolo ea matla a dijithale le khabone, 'me u loanele ho ntlafatsa karolo e tšehetsang ea ho sebelisa hape mehloli ts'ireletsong ea mehloli.
Nako ea poso: Phupu-15-2026
